运算符

按位运算符

<< >> ~ & | ^ 一共6个

移位运算符

value<<shift;
13<<3; 13*2^3;

逻辑按位运算符

1. ！非运算符：将true或者非零值转为false，将false值转为true
2. ~位非（取反）运算符。将其值的二进制0-》1 1-》0；
   usigned char x = 3; 0000 0011 ->1111 1100 252
3. 按位运算符（or）| ， 两个数有1就为1.
   
4. 按位运算符（xor）^ ，相同为0，不同为1
   
5. 按位运算符（AND）& ，都为1才1
   

按位运算的替代表示

常用的按位运算技术

成员解除引用运算符

C++允许定义指向类成员的指针，对这种指针进行声明或解除引用时，需要用一种特殊的语法。

// class.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Example {
private:
	int feet;
	int inches;
public:
	Example() { feet = 0; inches = 0; };
	Example(int ft) { feet = ft; inches = 12 * feet; };
	~Example() {};
	void Show_in()const { cout <<"inches :"<< inches << endl; };
	void Show_ft()const { cout << "feet :" << feet << endl; };
	void use_ptr()const;
};
void Example::use_ptr()const
{
	Example yard(3);
	int Example::* pt;
	pt = &Example::inches;
	cout << "set pt to &Example::inches:\n";
	cout << "this->*pt :" << this->*pt << endl;
	cout << "yard.*pt :" << yard.*pt << endl;
	void (Example:: * pf)()const;
	pf = &Example::Show_in;
	cout << "set pf to &Example::Show_in\n ";
	cout << "(this->*pf):";
	(this->*pf)();
	cout << "(yard.*pf)();:";
	(yard.*pf)();
}
int main()
{
	Example car(15);
	Example van(20);
	Example garage;
	cout << "use car :\n";
	car.use_ptr();
	cout << "\n van use car :\n";
	van.use_ptr();
}

alignof（c++11）

// class.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct  things1
{
	char ch;
	int a;
	double x;
};
struct  things2
{
	int a;
	double x;
	char ch;
};

int main()
{
	things1 th1;
	things2 th2;
	cout << "char alignment :" << alignof(char) <<endl;  //1
	cout << "int alignment :" << alignof(int) << endl;//4
	cout << "double alignment :" << alignof(double) << endl;//8
	cout << "things1 alignment :" << alignof(things1) << endl;//8
	cout << "things2 alignment :" << alignof(things2) << endl;//8
	cout << "sizeof things1 :" << sizeof(things1) << endl;//16
	cout << "sizeof things2 :" << sizeof(things2) << endl;//24
}

noexcept（c++11）