SpringMvc学习--注解式开发

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 11:12:14 发布

Peihj2021

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 11:12:14 发布

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分类专栏： java学习 SSM 文章标签：学习 spring java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45522528/article/details/124673557

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springmvc注解开发

@RequestMapping定义请求规则

此注解就是来映射服务器访问的路径
此注解可加在方法上,是为此方法注册一个可以访问的名称(路径)

package com.peihj.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller // 交给Spring去创建对象
public class DemoAction2 {
    /**
     * action中所有方法的创建都是由方法来完成的
     * action方法的规范
     * 1）访问权限是public
     * 2）方法的返回值任意
     * 3）方法名称任意
     * 4）参数任意类型，方法可以没有参数
     * 5）要使用@RequestMappering注解来进行声明一个访问路径
     */
    @RequestMapping("demo.action")
    public String demo(){
        System.out.println("user服务器被访问到了.............");
        return "main";  // 可以直接跳到/admin/main.jsp页面上
    }

}


  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/demo.action">访问服务器</a>

此注解可以加在类上,相当于是包名(虚拟路径),区分不同类中相同的action的名称。

package com.peihj.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller // 交给Spring去创建对象
@RequestMapping("user")
public class DemoAction2 {
    /**
     * action中所有方法的创建都是由方法来完成的
     * action方法的规范
     * 1）访问权限是public
     * 2）方法的返回值任意
     * 3）方法名称任意
     * 4）参数任意类型，方法可以没有参数
     * 5）要使用@RequestMappering注解来进行声明一个访问路径
     */
    @RequestMapping("demo.action")
    public String demo(){
        System.out.println("user服务器被访问到了.............");
        return "main";  // 可以直接跳到/admin/main.jsp页面上
    }
}

  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/demo.action">访问服务器</a>

此注解可区分get请求和post请求

@Controller
	public class ReqAction {
	    @RequestMapping(value = "/req",method = RequestMethod.GET)
	    public String req(){
	        System.out.println("我是处理get请求的........");
	        return "main";
	    }
	    @RequestMapping(value = "/req" ,method = RequestMethod.POST)
	    public String req1(){
	        System.out.println("我是处理post请求的........");
	        return "main";
	    }
	}

五种数据提交方式的优化

我们首先建立一个工程文件，具体流程见：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45522528/article/details/124672914
在这里插入图片描述
pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.peihj</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc-002-datasubmit</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--添加Spring-MVC依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--添加servlet依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->
        <includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会被扫描到-->
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>

      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>

    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>7070</port>
          <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

Springmvc编写

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


    <!--添加包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.peihj"></context:component-scan>
    <!--添加视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/admin/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

创建admin包文件以及main.jsp文件夹，删除重新创建index.jsp文件，删除并重新编写web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
   
    <!--注册springmvc框架-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

五种数据注入

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: peihj
  Date: 2022/5/9
  Time: 14:56
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<br><br><br>
<h2>测试不同的请求提交方式</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/req.action" method="post">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form><br><br><br>
<h2>1.单个数据的提交</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/one.action" method="post">
    姓名：<input name="myname"><br>
    年龄：<input name="age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>


<%--   private String name;
    private int age;

    保证名称一致以便于自动注入
--%>
<h2>2.对象封装提交</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/two.action" method="post">
    姓名：<input name="name"><br>
    年龄：<input name="age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<br>
<h2>3.动态占位符提交</h2>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/three/张三/22.action">动态提交</a>

<br><br><br>
<h2> 4.参数名称不一致解决方案></h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/four.action" method="post">
    姓名：<input name="name"><br>
    年龄：<input name="age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

<h2> 5.手工提取数据></h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/five.action" method="post">
    姓名：<input name="name"><br>
    年龄：<input name="age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

package com.peihj.controller;

import com.peihj.pojo.Users;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@Controller
public class DataSubmitAction {
    @RequestMapping("/one.action")
    public String one(String myname,int age){
        System.out.println("myname="+myname+",age="+(age+0));
        return "main";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/two.action")
    public String two(Users u){
        System.out.println(u);
        return "main";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/three/{uname}/{uage}.action")
    public String three(@PathVariable("uname") String name, @PathVariable("uage") int age){
        System.out.println("myname="+name+",age="+(age+0));
        return "main";
    }

    @RequestMapping("four.action")
    public String four(@RequestParam("name") String uname,@RequestParam("age") int uage){
        System.out.println("myname="+uname+",age="+(uage+0));
        return "main";
    }

    @RequestMapping("five.action")
    public String five(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest){
        String name = httpServletRequest.getParameter("name");
        Integer age = Integer.parseInt(httpServletRequest.getParameter("age"));
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(age);
        return "main";
    }
}

单个提交数据

在方法中声明一个和表单提交的参数名称相同的参数，由框架按照名称直接注入，只要表单name属性的值与action方法参数的名称一致就可以实现自动注入
在这里插入图片描述

对象封装注入

在提交请求中,保证请求参数的名称与实体类中成员变量的名称一致,则可以自动创建对象,则可以自动提交数据,自动类型转换,自动封装数据到对象中.

首先我们先创建对象类

package com.peihj.pojo;

public class Users {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Users() {
    }

    public Users(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Users{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

动态占位符提交（仅用于超链接）

仅限于超链接或地址拦提交数据.它是一杠一值,一杠一大括号,使用注解@PathVariable来解析.
在这里插入图片描述

请求参数名称与形参名称不一致

请求与形参中的名字不对应，可以使用
@RequestParam(value=“name1”,required=true)String namea来进行参数名称绑定
在这里插入图片描述

手工提取数据

在这里插入图片描述

中文乱码解决方案

配置过滤器

过滤器代码

<!--配置中文编码过滤器的配置-->
    <!--配置字符集编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!--设置字符集编码-->
        <!--配置参数
        private String encoding;
        private boolean forceRequestEncoding;
        private boolean forceResponseEncoding;
        -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

完整

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--配置中文编码过滤器的配置-->
    <!--配置字符集编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!--设置字符集编码-->
        <!--配置参数
        private String encoding;
        private boolean forceRequestEncoding;
        private boolean forceResponseEncoding;
        -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>


    <!--注册springmvc框架-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

参考

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1oP4y1K7QT?p=25&t=96.0

Peihj2021

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SpringMvc学习--注解式开发

springmvc注解开发@RequestMapping定义请求规则此注解就是来映射服务器访问的路径此注解可加在方法上,是为此方法注册一个可以访问的名称(路径)package com.peihj.controller;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controller // 交给Spring去创建对
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