提示:文章写完后,目录可以自动生成,如何生成可参考右边的帮助文档
一、什么是DAO模式?
DAO(Data Access Object)模式就是写一个类,把访问数据库的代码封装起来。DAO在数据库与业务逻辑(Service)之间。
实体域,即操作的对象,例如我们操作的表是user表,那么就需要先写一个User类;
DAO模式需要先提供一个DAO接口;
然后再提供一个DAO接口的实现类
再编写一个DAO工厂,Service通过工厂来获取DAO实现。
二、代码实现
//User.java
public class User {
private String uid;
private String username;
private String password;
//… 省略get/set/toString等方法
}
//UserDao接口
public interface UserDao {
public void add(User user);
public void mod(User user);
public void del(String uid);
public User load(String uid);
public List<User> findAll();
}
//UserDao实现类
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
public void add(User user) {
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
con = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "insert into user value(?,?,?)";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, user.getUid());
pstmt.setString(2, user.getUsername());
pstmt.setString(3, user.getPassword());
pstmt.executeUpdate();
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
try {
if(pstmt != null) pstmt.close();
if(con != null) con.close();
} catch(SQLException e) {}
}
}
public void mod(User user) {
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
con = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "update user set username=?, password=? where uid=?";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, user.getUsername());
pstmt.setString(2, user.getPassword());
pstmt.setString(3, user.getUid());
pstmt.executeUpdate();
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
try {
if(pstmt != null) pstmt.close();
if(con != null) con.close();
} catch(SQLException e) {}
}
}
public void del(String uid) {
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
con = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "delete from user where uid=?";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, uid);
pstmt.executeUpdate();
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
try {
if(pstmt != null) pstmt.close();
if(con != null) con.close();
} catch(SQLException e) {}
}
}
public User load(String uid) {
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
con = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "select * from user where uid=?";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, uid);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()) {
return new User(rs.getString(1), rs.getString(2), rs.getString(3));
}
return null;
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
try {
if(pstmt != null) pstmt.close();
if(con != null) con.close();
} catch(SQLException e) {}
}
}
public List<User> findAll() {
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
con = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "select * from user";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
while(rs.next()) {
userList.add(new User(rs.getString(1), rs.getString(2), rs.getString(3)));
}
return userList;
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
try {
if(pstmt != null) pstmt.close();
if(con != null) con.close();
} catch(SQLException e) {}
}
}
}
三、Jdbc事务
在jdbc中处理事务,都是通过Connection完成的!所以:同一事务中所有的操作,都在使用同一个Connection对象!
3.1 JDBC中的事务
Connection的三个方法与事务相关:
- setAutoCommit(boolean):设置是否为自动提交事务,如果true(默认值就是true)表示自动提交,也就是每条执行的SQL语句都是一个单独的事务,如果设置false,那么就相当于开启了事务了;con.setAutoCommit(false)表示开启事务!!!
- commit():提交结束事务;con.commit();表示提交事务
- rollback():回滚结束事务。con.rollback();表示回滚事务
jdbc处理事务的代码格式:
try {
con.setAutoCommit(false);//开启事务…
….
…
con.commit();//try的最后提交事务
} catch() {
con.rollback();//回滚事务
}
public void transfer(boolean b) {
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
con = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
//手动提交
con.setAutoCommit(false);
String sql = "update account set balance=balance+? where id=?";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
//操作
pstmt.setDouble(1, -10000);
pstmt.setInt(2, 1);
pstmt.executeUpdate();
// 在两个操作中抛出异常
if(b) {
throw new Exception();
}
pstmt.setDouble(1, 10000);
pstmt.setInt(2, 2);
pstmt.executeUpdate();
//提交事务
con.commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
//回滚事务
if(con != null) {
try {
con.rollback();
} catch(SQLException ex) {}
}
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
//关闭
JdbcUtils.close(con, pstmt);
}
}
我们的jdbc默认是自动提交, 所以我们不需要手动提交了, 而且,在实际开发中,我们的事务是加在业务层,而不是加在DAO层