Redis实战迷你版微信抢红包
全部代码:https://github.com/ziyifast/ziyifast-code_instruction/tree/main/redis_demo/redpacket_demo
1 思路分析
抢红包是一个高并发操作,且我们需要保证其原子性,同时抢红包过程中不能加锁,不能出现因为某个人网络卡顿,导致其他人无法抢红包🧧。
1.1 流程
抢红包流程:发红包-拆红包-抢红包-记录谁抢了红包
- 发红包:提供接口send,参数:红包总金额,红包个数。拆完之后通过redis list结构将红包存入redis
- 拆红包:split接口,根据算法将红包合理的拆分,金额不能差距太大,比如:一个100元红包,拆分为20个,不能出现一个红包里就包含99元的情况
- 抢红包:提供rob接口,接收红包名(要抢哪个红包,不同人不同群发的红包都是唯一的),接收用户id(谁抢)
- 记录:抢完红包之后,记录用户id与所抢红包🧧对应关系,防止多抢。通过redis hset数据结构实现。
1.2 注意点
①拆红包:二倍均值算法
二倍均值算法:每次拆分后塞进子红包的金额 = 随机区间(0, (剩余红包金额M / 未被抢的剩余红包个数N) * 2)
- 保证被拆红包金额的差距不会太大。不会出现一个100元红包,拆分为20个,一个红包里就包含99元的情况
②发红包:list
记录红包被拆分为了多少份,并且每份里有多少钱
③抢红包&记录:hset
记录用户与被抢红包的对应关系,防止多抢
2 代码实现
为了大家能看得清晰,这里我直接将所有代码都放在了main.go,实际使用和实现还是应该拆分为service、controller…
2.1 拆红包splitRedPacket
// 拆红包
func splitRedPacket(totalMoney, totalNum int) []int {
//1. 将红包拆分为几个
redpackets := make([]int, totalNum)
usedMoney := 0
for i := 0; i < totalNum; i++ {
//最后一个红包,还剩余多少就分多少
if i == totalNum-1 {
redpackets[i] = totalMoney - usedMoney
} else {
//二倍均值算法:每次拆分后塞进子红包的金额 = 随机区间(0, (剩余红包金额M / 未被抢的剩余红包个数N) * 2)
avgMoney := ((totalMoney - usedMoney) / (totalNum - i)) * 2
money := 1 + rand.Intn(avgMoney-1)
redpackets[i] = money
usedMoney += money
}
}
return redpackets
}
2.2 发红包sendRedPacket
// 发红包 http://localhost:9090/send?totalMoney=100&totalNum=3
func sendRedPacket(c *context2.Context) {
money, _ := c.URLParamInt("totalMoney")
totalNum, _ := c.URLParamInt("totalNum")
redPackets := splitRedPacket(money, totalNum)
uuid, _ := uuid.NewUUID()
k := RED_PACKGE_KEY + uuid.String()
for _, r := range redPackets {
_, err := RedisCli.LPush(context.TODO(), k, r).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
}
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("send redpacket[%s] succ %v", k, redPackets))
}
2.3 抢红包&记录robRedPacket
// 抢红包 http://localhost:9090/rob?redPacket=e3e71f56-e9a3-11ee-9ad5-7a2cb90a4104&uId=4
func robRedPacket(c *context2.Context) {
//判断是否抢过
redPacket := c.URLParam("redPacket")
uId, _ := c.URLParamInt("uId")
exists, err := RedisCli.HExists(context.TODO(), RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY+redPacket, fmt.Sprintf("%d", uId)).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
if exists {
//表明已经抢过
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] you have already rob", uId))
return
} else if !exists {
//从list里取出一个红包
result, err := RedisCli.LPop(context.TODO(), RED_PACKGE_KEY+redPacket).Result()
if err == redis.Nil {
//红包已经抢完了
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("redpacket is empty"))
return
}
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%d rob the red packet %v\n", uId, result)
//记录:后续可以异步进MySQL或者MQ做统计分析,每一年抢了多少红包,金额是多少【年度总结】
_, err = RedisCli.HSet(context.TODO(), RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY+redPacket, uId, result).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] rob the red packet %v", uId, result))
}
}
2.4 分析(红包被谁抢了)infoRedPacket
func infoRedPacket(c *context2.Context) {
redPacket := c.URLParam("redPacket")
infoMap, err := RedisCli.HGetAll(context.TODO(), RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY+redPacket).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
c.JSON(infoMap)
}
全部代码
Github:
https://github.com/ziyifast/ziyifast-code_instruction/tree/main/redis_demo/redpacket_demo
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"github.com/go-redis/redis/v8"
"github.com/google/uuid"
"github.com/kataras/iris/v12"
context2 "github.com/kataras/iris/v12/context"
"math/rand"
"time"
)
/*
通过redis实现迷你版微信抢红包
1. 发红包
2. 拆红包(一个红包拆分成多少个,每个红包里有多少钱)=》二倍均值算法,将拆分后的红包通过list放入redis
3. 抢红包(用户抢红包,并记录哪个用户抢了多少钱,防止重复抢):hset记录每个红包被哪些用户抢了
*/
var (
RedisCli *redis.Client
RED_PACKGE_KEY = "redpackage:"
RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY = "redpackage:consume:"
)
func init() {
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
RedisCli = redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
Addr: "localhost:6379",
DB: 0,
})
}
func main() {
app := iris.New()
app.Get("/send", sendRedPacket)
app.Get("/rob", robRedPacket)
app.Get("/info", infoRedPacket)
app.Listen(":9090", nil)
}
// 发红包 http://localhost:9090/send?totalMoney=100&totalNum=3
func sendRedPacket(c *context2.Context) {
money, _ := c.URLParamInt("totalMoney")
totalNum, _ := c.URLParamInt("totalNum")
redPackets := splitRedPacket(money, totalNum)
uuid, _ := uuid.NewUUID()
k := RED_PACKGE_KEY + uuid.String()
for _, r := range redPackets {
_, err := RedisCli.LPush(context.TODO(), k, r).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
}
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("send redpacket[%s] succ %v", k, redPackets))
}
// 抢红包 http://localhost:9090/rob?redPacket=e3e71f56-e9a3-11ee-9ad5-7a2cb90a4104&uId=4
func robRedPacket(c *context2.Context) {
//判断是否抢过
redPacket := c.URLParam("redPacket")
uId, _ := c.URLParamInt("uId")
exists, err := RedisCli.HExists(context.TODO(), RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY+redPacket, fmt.Sprintf("%d", uId)).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
if exists {
//表明已经抢过
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] you have already rob", uId))
return
} else if !exists {
//从list里取出一个红包
result, err := RedisCli.LPop(context.TODO(), RED_PACKGE_KEY+redPacket).Result()
if err == redis.Nil {
//红包已经抢完了
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("redpacket is empty"))
return
}
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%d rob the red packet %v\n", uId, result)
//记录:后续可以异步进MySQL或者MQ做统计分析,每一年抢了多少红包,金额是多少【年度总结】
_, err = RedisCli.HSet(context.TODO(), RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY+redPacket, uId, result).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
c.JSON(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] rob the red packet %v", uId, result))
}
}
func infoRedPacket(c *context2.Context) {
redPacket := c.URLParam("redPacket")
infoMap, err := RedisCli.HGetAll(context.TODO(), RED_PACKAGE_CONSUME_KEY+redPacket).Result()
if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
panic(err)
}
c.JSON(infoMap)
}
// 拆红包
func splitRedPacket(totalMoney, totalNum int) []int {
//1. 将红包拆分为几个
redpackets := make([]int, totalNum)
usedMoney := 0
for i := 0; i < totalNum; i++ {
//最后一个红包,还剩余多少就分多少
if i == totalNum-1 {
redpackets[i] = totalMoney - usedMoney
} else {
//二倍均值算法:每次拆分后塞进子红包的金额 = 随机区间(0, (剩余红包金额M / 未被抢的剩余红包个数N) * 2)
avgMoney := ((totalMoney - usedMoney) / (totalNum - i)) * 2
money := 1 + rand.Intn(avgMoney-1)
redpackets[i] = money
usedMoney += money
}
}
return redpackets
}
演示
1.启动程序,调用send接口发红包🧧,假设100元,拆分为3个
http://localhost:9090/send?totalMoney=100&totalNum=3
2.调用rob接口抢红包
http://localhost:9090/rob?redPacket=b246f0cc-e9a6-11ee-a234-7a2cb90a4104&uId=1
此时如果用户1再抢,应当报错(redis已经有记录该用户已抢):
3.继续调用rob接口,用户2、用户3抢红包:
Redis中记录:
4.此时红包🧧已经被抢完了,如果有用户4再来抢,应该返回来晚了,红包被抢完了