C++ make_shared() shared_prt()用法

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 04:15:00 发布

Junoxiang

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 04:15:00 发布

阅读量477

点赞数

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010164190/article/details/88315709?ops_request_misc=&request_id=&biz_id=102&utm_term=c%20++make_share&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~sobaiduweb~default-1-88315709

版权

shared_ptr很好地消除了显式的delete调用，如果读者掌握了它的用法，可以肯定delete将会在你的编程字典中彻底消失。但这还不够，因为shared_ptr的构造还需要new调用，这导致了代码中的某种不对称性。虽然shared_ptr很好地包装了new表达式，但过多的显式new操作符也是个问题，用make_shared()来消除显式的new调用。

make_shared()函数可以接受最多10个参数，然后把它们传递给类型T的构造函数，创建一个shared_ptr<T>的对象并返回。make_shared()函数要比直接创建shared_ptr对象的方式快且高效，因为它内部仅分配一次内存，消除了shared_ptr 构造时的开销。

make_shared()栗子:


 
 
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     1.demo_01.cpp
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     #include <iostream>
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     #include <vector>
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     using 
     
     namespace 
     
     std;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     class StructA{
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     public:
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     int i;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     string str;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     //StructA(): i(100/*int()*/){//初始化列表
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       StructA(
     
     int i){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     this->i = i;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout<< 
     
     "StructA(int), line = "<< __LINE__<< 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       };
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       StructA(
     
     string str){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     this->str = str;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout<< 
     
     "StructA(string), line = "<< __LINE__<< 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       };
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       ~StructA(){ 
     
     cout <<
     
     "~StructA "<< 
     
     endl;};
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     void show(){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout << 
     
     "show() is Called. line = "<< __LINE__<< 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       }
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     } ;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     int main(int argc, const char * argv[]){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     //make_shared自动申请对象及内存,自动释放,不用手动执行new和delete
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     shared_ptr<StructA> pA = make_shared<StructA>(
     
     123);
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     cout << 
     
     "pA->i = " << pA->i << 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     shared_ptr<StructA> pB = make_shared<StructA>(
     
     "Hello Kitty!");
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     cout << 
     
     "pB->str = " << pB->str << 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       pB->show();
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     auto t = make_shared<StructA>(
     
     "Number One!");
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     cout << 
     
     "t->str = " << t->str << 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       t->show();
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     return 
     
     0;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     }
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     2.demo_02.cpp
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     #include <iostream>
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     #include <vector>
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     #include <map> 
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     using 
     
     namespace 
     
     std;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     class StructA{
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     public:
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     int i;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     //StructA(): i(100/*int()*/){//初始化列表
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       StructA(
     
     int i){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     this->i = i;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout<< 
     
     "StructA(int), line = "<< __LINE__<< 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       };
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       ~StructA(){ 
     
     cout <<
     
     "~StructA "<< 
     
     endl;};
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     void show(){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout << 
     
     "show() is Called. line = "<< __LINE__<< 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       }
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     template<
     
     class T>
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     T 
     
     add(
     
     T 
     
     x){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     return x;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       }
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     } ;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     int main(){ 
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     map<
     
     int, 
     
     shared_ptr<StructA>> mStrA;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     //插入map映射key-value数据
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       mStrA[
     
     0] = make_shared<StructA>(
     
     123);
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       mStrA[
     
     1] = make_shared<StructA>(
     
     456);
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       mStrA.insert(pair<
     
     int, 
     
     shared_ptr<StructA>>(
     
     2,make_shared<StructA>(
     
     789)));
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       mStrA.insert(pair<
     
     int, 
     
     shared_ptr<StructA>>(
     
     3,make_shared<StructA>(
     
     333)));
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       mStrA[
     
     0]->show();
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     //遍历方式1
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     for(
     
     auto &mA : mStrA){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout << mA.first << 
     
     " " << mA.second->i << 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     //mA.second->show();
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       }
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     cout << 
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     //遍历方式2
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     map<
     
     int, 
     
     shared_ptr<StructA>>::iterator iter;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     for(iter = mStrA.begin(); iter != mStrA.end(); iter++){
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     cout << iter->first << 
     
     " "<<iter->second->i<<
     
     endl;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
        
     
     //iter->second->show();
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
       }
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
      
     
     return 
     
     0;
    
    
   
   

   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
     }