Spring 5学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-01 17:15:55 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-01 17:15:55 发布

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分类专栏： Java学习文章标签： spring 5

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45607293/article/details/114033331

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1. 简介

spring理念：是现有的技术更加容易使用，本身是一个大杂烩。

SSH：Struct2 + Spring + Hibernate
SSM: SpringMVC + Spring + Mybatis

官网： https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework#overview

文档: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/

中文文档: https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/zh/spring-framework/5.1.3.RELEASE/reference

官方下载： https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/

spring-5.2.0.RELEASE.pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <name>Spring Framework</name>
  <description>Spring Framework</description>
  <url>https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework</url>
  <organization>
    <name>Spring IO</name>
    <url>https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework</url>
  </organization>
  <licenses>
    <license>
      <name>Apache License, Version 2.0</name>
      <url>https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0</url>
      <distribution>repo</distribution>
    </license>
  </licenses>
  <developers>
    <developer>
      <id>jhoeller</id>
      <name>Juergen Hoeller</name>
      <email>jhoeller@pivotal.io</email>
    </developer>
  </developers>
  <scm>
    <connection>scm:git:git://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework</connection>
    <developerConnection>scm:git:git://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework</developerConnection>
    <url>https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework</url>
  </scm>
  <issueManagement>
    <system>GitHub</system>
    <url>https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues</url>
  </issueManagement>
</project>

GitHub： https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework

Spring Web MVC » 5.2.5.RELEASE

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

spring是开源的免费的容器。
spring是一个轻量级的，非入侵式的。
控制反转（IOC），面向切面编程 (AOP)。
支持事务处理，对框架整合的支持。

总结：spring是一个轻量级的控制反转(IOC)和面向切面编程(AOP)的框架。

Spring的组成

Spring-Core：

Core包是框架的最基础部分，并提供依赖注入（Dependency Injection）管理Bean容器功能。这里的基础概念是BeanFactory，它提供对Factory模式的经典实现来消除对程序性单例模式的需要，并真正地允许你从程序逻辑中分离出依赖关系和配置。

Spring-Context：(Spring核心容器<上下文模块>)

核心模块的BeanFactory使Spring成为一个容器，而上下文模块使它成为一个框架。这个模块扩展了BeanFactory的概念，增加了消息、事件传播以及验证的支持。另外，这个模块提供了许多企业服务，例如电子邮件、JNDI访问、EJB集成、远程以及时序调度（scheduling）服务。也包括了对模版框架例如Velocity和FreeMarker集成的支持。

Spring-Aop：

Spring在它的AOP模块中提供了对面向切面编程的丰富支持。例如方法拦截器（servletListener ,controller…）和切点，可以有效的防止代码上功能的耦合，这个模块是在Spring应用中实现切面编程的基础。Spring的AOP模块也将元数据编程引入了Spring。使用Spring的元数据支持，你可以为你的源代码增加注释，指示Spring在何处以及如何应用切面函数。

Spring-Dao:

使用JDBC经常导致大量的重复代码，取得连接、创建语句、处理结果集，然后关闭连接、旧代码中迁移自定义工具类JDBCUtil 也让开发变得繁琐。Spring的Dao模块对传统的JDBC进行了抽象，还提供了一种比编程性更好的声明性事务管理方法。

Spring-Web:

Web上下文模块建立于应用上下文模块之上，提供了WEB开发的基础集成特性，例如文件上传。另外，这个模块还提供了一些面向服务支持。利用Servlet listeners进行IOC容器初始化和针对Web的applicationcontext。

Spring Web MVC:

(Model-View-Controller)Spring为构建Web应用提供了一个功能全面的MVC框架。它提供了一种清晰的分离模型，在领域模型代码和web form之间。并且，还可以借助Spring框架的其他特性。

Spring-ORM:

关系映射模块，ORM包为流行的“关系/对象”映射APIs提供了集成层，包括JDO，Hibernate和iBatis（MyBatis）。通过ORM包，可以混合使用所有Spring提供的特性进行“对象/关系”映射，方便开发时小组内整合代码。

Mybatis中的maven依赖

<!--导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

2.IOC理论

UserDao
UserDaoImp
UserSevice
UserServiceImp

在之前，用户的需求可能会影响原来的代码。

使用一个set。

public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){
    this.userDao = userDao;
}

之前是主动创建对象，控制权在程序员手上。
使用set之后，是被动接受对象。

3. Hello Spring

pojo Hello实体类

package com.hou.pojo;

public class Hello {

    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Hello{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

######resource beans.xml or ApplicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
   

</beans>

获取Spring上下文对象

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

4. IOC创建对象的方式

使用无参构造创建对象，默认。
使用有参构造

下标赋值

<bean id="user" class="com.hou.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg index="0" value="世杰"/>
</bean>
<!--pojo的User类中的有参构造器存在-->

类型赋值（不建议使用）

<bean id="user" class="com.hou.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="dong"/>
</bean>

直接通过参数名

<bean id="user" class="com.hou.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg name="name" value="hou"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

注册了后都会new一个该的对象先

5. Spring配置

别名

<bean id="user" class="com.hou.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg name="name" value="hou"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

<alias name="user" alias="别名"/>

Bean的配置

id：bean的id标识符
class：bean对象所对应的类型
name：别名，更高级，可以同时取多个别名。

import

一般用于团队开发，它可以将多个配置文件，导入合并为一个

<import resource="beans1.xml"/>
<import resource="beans2.xml"/>
<import resource="beans3.xml"/>

使用的时候直接使用总的配置

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

6. DI依赖注入

构造器注入

set方式注入（重点）

依赖：bean对象的创建依赖于容器
注入：bean对象中的所有属性，由容器来注入

【环境搭建】

复杂类型
真实测试对象

    @Test
    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student);
//Student
// (
//      name=世杰, 
//      address=Address(address=null), 
//      books=[红楼梦, 西游记, 三国演义, 水浒传], 
//      hobbys=[听歌, 敲代码, 看电影], 
//      card={身份证=44178120000135153465, 银行卡=1654643135486}, 
//      games=[LOL, COC, BOB], 
//      info={密码=132456, 用户名=root, 学号=201908764217, 性别=男}, 
//      wife=null
// )
    }

beans.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

        <bean id="address" class="com.dualseason.dao.Address"/>
        <bean id="student" class="com.dualseason.dao.Student">
            <!--第一种,普通值注入,value-->
            <property name="name" value="世杰"/>
            <!--第二种,Bean注入,ref-->
            <property name="address" ref="address"/>
            <!--数组注入-->
            <property name="books">
                <array>
                    <value>红楼梦</value>
                    <value>西游记</value>
                    <value>三国演义</value>
                    <value>水浒传</value>
                </array>
            </property>

            <!--List-->
            <property name="hobbys">
                <list>
                    <value>听歌</value>
                    <value>敲代码</value>
                    <value>看电影</value>
                </list>
            </property>

            <!--Map-->
            <property name="card">
                <map>
                    <entry key="身份证" value="44178120000135153465"/>
                    <entry key="银行卡" value="1654643135486"/>
                </map>
            </property>

            <!--set-->
            <property name="games">
                <set>
                    <value>LOL</value>
                    <value>COC</value>
                    <value>BOB</value>
                </set>
            </property>

            <!--null-->
            <property name="wife">
                <null/>
            </property>

            <!--Properties-->
            <property name="info">
                <props>
                    <prop key="学号">201908764217</prop>
                    <prop key="性别">男</prop>
                    <prop key="用户名">root</prop>
                    <prop key="密码">132456</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

p命名空间和c命名空间注入

 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
           xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

        <!--p命名空间注入,可以注入属性的值-->
        <bean id="user" class="com.dualseason.dao.User" p:name="世杰" p:age="20"/>
        <!--c命名空间,通过构造器注入:construct-args-->
        <bean id="user2" class="com.dualseason.dao.User" c:name="世杰" c:age="20"/>

    </beans>

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Userbean.xml");
        User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

bean的作用域

在这里插入图片描述

单例模式（默认）

<bean id="use2" class="com.pojo.User" c:name="kun" c:age="19" scope="singleton"></bean>

原型模式: 每次从容器中get的时候，都产生一个新对象！

在这里插入图片描述

<bean id="use2" class="com.pojo.User" c:name="kun" c:age="19" scope="prototype"></bean>

其余的request、session、application这些只能在web开放中使用！

7. Bean的自动装配

自动装配是Spring是满足bean依赖的一种方式
Spring会在上下文自动寻找，并自动给bean装配属性

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="cat" class="com.daulseason.pojo.Cat"/>
    <bean id="dog" class="com.daulseason.pojo.Dog"/>
    <!--
    byName:会自动在容器上下文中查找,和自己对象set方法后面的值对应的bean id
    byType;会自动在容器上下文中查找,和自己对象属性类型相同的bean
    -->
    <bean id="people" class="com.daulseason.pojo.People" autowire="byName">
        <property name="name" value="世杰"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

使用注解自动装配

导入context约束

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>

</beans>

@Autowire

在属性上个使用，也可以在set上使用

public class People {
    @Autowired
    private Cat cat;
    @Autowired
    private Dog dog;
    private String name;
}
@Nullable 字段标志的注解，说明这个字段可以为null

如果@Autowired自动装配环境比较复杂。自动装配无法通过一个注解完成的时候

我们可以使用@Qualifier(value = “dog”)去配合使用，指定一个唯一的id对象

public class People {
    @Autowired
    private Cat cat;
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "dog")
    private Dog dog;
    private String name;
}

@Resource注解

public class People{
 
    @Resource(name = "cat2")
    private Cat cat;
    
    @Resource
    private Dog dog;
}

小结:

@Resource 和 @Autowired的区别:

@Autowire通过byType实现，而且必须要求这个对象存在
@resource默认通过byName实现，如果找不到，通过byType实现
执行顺序不同 :
- @Autowired 通过byType的方式实现
- @resource默认通过byName实现

8. 使用注解开发

在spring4之后，必须要保证aop的包导入

使用注解需要导入contex的约束

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
</beans>

属性如何注入

//等价于<bean id="user" class="com.dualseason.pojo.User"/>
//@Component 组件
@Component
public class User {
    public String name;
    //相当于<property name="name" value="世杰"/>
    @Value("世杰")
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

衍生注解

@Component有几个衍生注解，会按照web开发中，mvc架构中分层。

dao （@Repository）
pojo (@Component)
service（@Service）
controller（@Controller）

这四个注解功能一样的，都是代表将某个类注册到容器中

作用域

@Scope(“singleton”)

@Component
@Scope("prototype")
public class User {

    @Value("dong")
    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

小结：

xml与注解

xml更加万能，维护简单
注解，不是自己的类，使用不了，维护复杂

最佳实践：

xml用来管理bean
注解只用来完成属性的注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    <!--指定要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.pojo"/>

</beans>

9. 使用java方式配置spring

JavaConfig

Spring的一个子项目，在spring4之后，，他成为了核心功能

@Configuration //这个也会被spring容器托管，注册到容器中，因为他本来就是一个@Component
@ComponentScan("com.pojo")
@Import(Config2.class)
public class MyConfig {

    @Bean
    public User getUser(){
        return new User();
    }

}
@Component
public class User {

    @Value("dong")
    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

这种纯java配置方式

在springboot中，随处可见

10. 动态代理

动态代理和静态代理

角色一样

动态代理类是动态生成的，不是我们直接写好的！

动态代理：基于接口，基于类

基于接口：JDK的动态代理【使用】
基于类：cglib
java字节码

InvocationHandler

Proxy

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

//会这个类，自动生成代理类
public class ProxyInvocation implements InvocationHandler {

    //被代理的接口
    private Rent rent;

    public void setRent(Rent rent) {
        this.rent = rent;
    }

    //生成代理类
    public Object getProxy(){
        return Proxy.newProxyInstance
            (this.getClass().getClassLoader(),rent.getClass().getInterfaces(),this);
    }

    //处理代理实例，并返回结果
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        seeHouse();
        Object result = method.invoke(rent, args);
        fare();
        return result;
    }

    public void seeHouse(){
        System.out.println("see house");
    }

    public void fare(){
        System.out.println("fare");
    }
}
public interface Rent {
    void rent();
}
public class Host implements Rent {
    public void rent() {
        System.out.println("host rent");
    }
}
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //真实角色
        Host host = new Host();

        //代理角色
        ProxyInvocation proxyInvocation = new ProxyInvocation();

        //通过调用程序处理角色来处理我们要调用的接口对象
        proxyInvocation.setRent(host);

        Rent proxy = (Rent) proxyInvocation.getProxy();  //这里的proxy是动态生成的

        proxy.rent();
    }
}

11.AOP

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

方法一：使用spring接口【springAPI接口实现】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--注册bean-->
    <bean id="userService" class="com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl"/>
    <bean id="afterLog" class="com.dualseason.log.AfterLog"/>
    <bean id="log" class="com.dualseason.log.Log"/>

    <!--方式一:使用原生Spring API接口-->
    <!--配置aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--切入点:expression:表达式,execution-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
        <!--执行环绕增强-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="log" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="afterLog" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {


    public void add() {
        System.out.println("add");
    }

    public void delete() {
        System.out.println("delete");
    }

    public void query() {
        System.out.println("query");
    }

    public void update() {
        System.out.println("update");
    }
}

package com.dualseason.log;

import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Log implements MethodBeforeAdvice {

    //method:要执行的目标对象的方法
    //args:参数
    //target:目标对象
    public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object target) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println(target.getClass().getName() +  "的" + method.getName() + "被执行了!");
    }
}

package com.dualseason.log;

import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class AfterLog implements AfterReturningAdvice {

    //returnValue   返回值
    public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("执行了" + method.getName() + "方法 , 返回结果为:" + returnValue);
    }
}

import com.dualseason.service.UserService;
import com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //动态代理代理的是接口
        UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userService");

        userService.add();
    }
}

方法二：自定义来实现AOP【主要是切面定义】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--注册bean-->
    <bean id="userService" class="com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl"/>
    <bean id="afterLog" class="com.dualseason.log.AfterLog"/>
    <bean id="log" class="com.dualseason.log.Log"/>

    <!--方式二:自定义类-->
    <bean id="diy" class="com.dualseason.diy.DIYPointCut"/>
    <aop:config>
        <aop:aspect ref="diy">
            <!--切入点-->
            <aop:pointcut id="point" expression="execution(* com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
            <!--通知-->
            <aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="point"/>
            <aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="point"/>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

方法三：注解方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--注册bean-->
    <bean id="userService" class="com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl"/>
    <bean id="afterLog" class="com.dualseason.log.AfterLog"/>
    <bean id="log" class="com.dualseason.log.Log"/>
    
    <!--方式三-->
    <bean id="annotationPointCut" class="com.dualseason.diy.AnnotationPoint"/>
    <!--开启注解支持
    JDK(默认proxy-target-class="false")
    cglib(proxy-target-class="true")
    -->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
</beans>

package com.dualseason.diy;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.Signature;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;

//使用注解方式实现aop
@Aspect
//标注这个类是一个切面
public class AnnotationPoint {
    @Before("execution(* com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")
    public void before(){
        System.out.println("====方法执行前====");
    }
    @After("execution(* com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")
    public void after(){
        System.out.println("====方法执行后====");
    }
    //在环绕增强中,我们可以给定一个参数,代表我们要获取处理切入的点
    @Around("execution(* com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")
    public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("环绕前");

        Signature signature = joinPoint.getSignature();//获得签名
        System.out.println("signature:" + signature);
        //执行方法
        Object proceed = joinPoint.proceed();
        System.out.println("环绕后");
		
        System.out.println(proceed);
    }
}

import com.dualseason.service.UserService;
import com.dualseason.service.UserServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //动态代理代理的是接口
        UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userService");

        userService.add();
    }
}

12. 整合Mybatis

文档： https://mybatis.org/spring/zh/

步骤:

导入相关jar包
- junit
- mybatis
- mysql数据库
- spring相关
- aop织入
- mybatis-spring [new]
编写配置文件
测试

  <dependencies>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring操作数据库的话,还需要一个spring-jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--织入包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <properties resource="db.properties">
    </properties>
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.dualseason.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
       <mapper class="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username=root
password=密码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="selectUser" resultType="user">
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>

</mapper>

package com.dualseason.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

package com.dualseason.mapper;

import com.dualseason.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> selectUser();
}

package com.dualseason.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//sqlSessionFactory  -->  sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static{

        try {
            //使用Mybatis第一步
            //获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //既然有了SqlSessionFactory,顾名思义,我们就可以从中获取SqlSession的实例了
    //SqlSession完全包含了面向数据库执行SQL命令所需的方法
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

#将等级为DEBUG的日志信息输出到console和file这两个目的地，console和file的定义在下面的代码
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,console,file

#控制台输出的相关设置
log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.console.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c]-%m%n

#文件输出的相关设置
log4j.appender.file = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=./log/kuang.log
log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=10mb
log4j.appender.file.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%d{yy-MM-dd}][%c]%m%n

#日志输出级别
log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG

整合

方法一：SqlSessionTemplate

mapper包

package com.dualseason.mapper;

import com.dualseason.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;

import java.util.List;

public class UserMapperImpl implements UserMapper {

    //我们的所有操作都使用sqlSession来执行
    //在原来,现在都在使用SqlSessionTemplate
    private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession;

    public void setSqlSession(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession) {
        this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
    }

    public List<User> selectUser() {
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        return mapper.selectUser();
    }
}

package com.dualseason.mapper;

import com.dualseason.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> selectUser();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="selectUser" resultType="user">
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>

</mapper>

pojo包

package com.dualseason.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

resource包

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.dualseason.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--DataSource:使用Spring的数据源替换Mybatis的配置-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&amp;useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="密码"/>
    </bean>
    <!--sqlSessionFactory:代替的是MybatisUtils类-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!--绑定Mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/dualseason/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--SqlSessionTemplate:就是我们使用的sqlSession-->
    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <!--只能使用构造器注入sqlSessionFactory,因为它没有set方法-->
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>


    <!--注入实现类-->
    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>

    <!--注入实现类-->
    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>
    </bean>
    
</beans>

test

import com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.dualseason.pojo.User;
import com.dualseason.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = 
            new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserMapper userMapper = context.getBean("userMapper", UserMapper.class);
        List<User> users = userMapper.selectUser();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

编写数据源配置
sqlSessionFactory
sqlSessionTemplate
需要给接口加实现类
将自己写的实现类注入到Spring中,测试

方法二：SqlSessionDaoSupport

 <!--注入实现类-->
    <bean id="userMapper2" class="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapperImpl2">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

package com.dualseason.mapper;

import com.dualseason.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport;

import java.util.List;

public class UserMapperImpl2 extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper {
    public List<User> selectUser() {
        return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).selectUser();
    }
}

 @Test
    public void test3(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserMapper userMapper = context.getBean("userMapper2", UserMapper.class);
        List<User> users = userMapper.selectUser();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

13. 声明式事务

要么都成功，要么都失败
十分重要，涉及到数据一致性
确保完整性和一致性

事务的ACID原则：

原子性
一致性
隔离性
- 多个业务可能操作一个资源，防止数据损坏
持久性
- 事务一旦提交，无论系统发生什么问题，结果都不会被影响。
- 被持久化写到存储器中

Spring中的事务管理

声明式事务
编程式事务

声明式事务

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd">

    <!--DataSource:使用Spring的数据源替换Mybatis的配置-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&amp;useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="密码"/>
    </bean>
    <!--sqlSessionFactory:代替的是MybatisUtils类-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!--绑定Mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/dualseason/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--SqlSessionTemplate:就是我们使用的sqlSession-->
    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <!--只能使用构造器注入sqlSessionFactory,因为它没有set方法-->
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>


    <!--注入实现类-->
    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置声明式事务-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!--结合AOP实现事务的织入-->
    <!--配置事务通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--给那些方法配置事务-->
        <!--配置事务的传播特性:new
        propagation="REQUIRED"
        -->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="add" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="query" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    
    <!--配置事务切入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.dualseason..mapper.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>

    <!--bean-->
    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.dualseason.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

User

package com.dualseason.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

UserMapper

package com.dualseason.mapper;

import com.dualseason.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> selectUser();

    //添加一个用户
    public int addUser(User user);

    //删除一个用户
    public int deleteUser(int id);


}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="selectUser" resultType="user">
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="user">
        insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </delete>

</mapper>

test

import com.dualseason.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.dualseason.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
       ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserMapper userMapper = context.getBean("userMapper", UserMapper.class);
        List<User> users = userMapper.selectUser();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

ReactSpring

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1. 简介spring理念：是现有的技术更加容易使用，本身是一个大杂烩。SSH：Struct2 + Spring + HibernateSSM: SpringMVC + Spring + Mybatis官网： https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework#overview文档: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/官方下载： https://repo.
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