Spring之jdbcTemplate

JdbcTemplate概述

它是spring框架提供的一个对象，是对原始Jdbc API对象的简单封装，是用来操作关系型数据的

JdbcTemplate的作用：用于和数据库交互，实现对表的CRUD操作

准备工作

1. 导入maven依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

2. 创建一个实体类

public class Book {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Double price;

    public Book(int id, String name, Double price) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Book() {
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                '}';
    }


}

3. 创建一个dao接口类

public interface BookDao {

    //根据id查询书本

    Book queryById(int id);


    //根据name查询书本
    Book queryByName(String name);


    //更新书本
    void updateBook(Book book);


}

4. 创建一个接口实现类

public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao{

    //由spring容器为我们注入JdbcTemplate对象
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    //通过set方法注入
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }

    //通过id查询数据
    public Book queryById(int id) {

        List<Book> books = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from book where id=?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class), 1);
        return books.isEmpty()?null:books.get(0);
    }

    //通过name查询数据
    public Book queryByName(String name) {

        List<Book> books = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from book where name=?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class), name);
        if (books.isEmpty()){
            return null;
        }else if (books.size()>1){
            throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
        }else {
            return books.get(0);
        }

    }

    //更新一条数据
    public void updateBook(Book book) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update book set name=?,price=? where id =?","chenhui",8888,4);
    }
}

5. 配置spring核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">


<!--    配置JdbcTemplate交给spring来管理-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<!--        引用数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

<!--    配置spring内置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_zr?serverTimezone=PRC"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="root"/>
    </bean>

<!--    配置实现类bean交给spring管理，并且注入jdbcTemplate-->
    <bean id="bookDaoImpl" class="com.chenhui.dao.BookDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

测试类：

public static void main(String[] args) {
//加载spring配置文件获取bean容器
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //获取bean对象
        BookDao bookDao = context.getBean("bookDaoImpl", BookDaoImpl.class);
        //执行方法
        Book book = bookDao.queryById(1);
        System.out.println(book);

        Book chenhui = bookDao.queryByName("DDD");
        System.out.println(chenhui);

        bookDao.updateBook(new Book(4,"CCC",10000.0));
}

结果：