Centos7.x安装docker

docket简单介绍
Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎，让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的镜像中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux或Windows 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口。
具体的介绍找度娘。

安装docker
#1.查看版本内核(官方介绍内核至少3.8以上建议3.10以上)
使用root账号查看内核版本
执行命令：uname -a 查询可见centos内核为3.10

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# uname -a
Linux iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ 3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 25 17:23:54 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# 

#2.因是全新服务器我更新了yum到最新版(正式生产环境千万千万不要做此操作)
执行命令：yum update 后续按y 等待更新完成

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
base                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/7): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                                                                                             | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(2/7): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                                                                                               |  95 kB  00:00:00     
(3/7): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                                                                                             | 1.0 MB  00:00:00     
(4/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                         | 222 kB  00:00:00     
(5/7): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                           | 6.1 MB  00:00:00     
(6/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                        | 3.7 MB  00:00:00     
(7/7): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                             | 6.9 MB  00:00:00     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check

注： 出现Complete! 即成功

#3.检查存储驱动
执行命令：ls -l /sys/class/misc/device-mapper 或 grep device-mapper /proc/devices(两种方式)

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# ls -l /sys/class/misc/device-mapper
ls: cannot access /sys/class/misc/device-mapper: No such file or directory

注： 新服务器没有驱动

#4.安装驱动 yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能，另外是devicemapper驱动依赖的
执行命令：yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.8.5-3.el7_9.2 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-3.el7_9.2.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-3.el7_9.2.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1()(64bit) for package: device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-3.el7_9.2.x86_64
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.187-6.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = 7:2.02.187-6.el7 for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: liblvm2app.so.2.2(Base)(64bit) for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper-event.so.1.02(Base)(64bit) for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: liblvm2app.so.2.2()(64bit) for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper-event.so.1.02()(64bit) for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2-python for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5 will be installed
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.187-6.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event = 7:1.02.170-6.el7 for package: 7:lvm2-libs-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-chardet for package: python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-3.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

注： 出现Complete! 即成功

#5.设置yum源 本文使用aliyun
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo（中央仓库）
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo（阿里）
执行命令：yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
adding repo from: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

6.第5步已设置了仓库，至此可以查看仓库中所有docker版本，并选择特定版本安装
执行命令：yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.13-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.12-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.11-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.10-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.3.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.2.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
Available Packages

#7. 选择docker版本安装，本文选择18.03.1.ce
执行命令：yum install docker-ce-18.03.1.ce 后续按y 等待安装完成

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# yum install docker-ce-18.03.1.ce
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 0:18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2.9 for package: docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: pigz for package: docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcgroup for package: docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libltdl.so.7()(64bit) for package: docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: policycoreutils-python for package: 2:container-selinux-2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8.noarch
---> Package libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-21.el7 will be installed
---> Package libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-22.el7_3 will be installed
---> Package pigz.x86_64 0:2.3.4-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-34.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: setools-libs >= 3.3.8-4 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsemanage-python >= 2.5-14 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: audit-libs-python >= 2.1.3-4 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: python-IPy for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libqpol.so.1(VERS_1.4)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libqpol.so.1(VERS_1.2)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapol.so.4(VERS_4.0)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: checkpolicy for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libqpol.so.1()(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapol.so.4()(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.8.5-4.el7 will be installed
---> Package checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7 will be installed
---> Package libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.el7 will be installed
---> Package python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

注： 出现Complete! 即成功

#8. 启动docker并设为开机自启动

[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@iZbp1d0l8vo1vwwrdehuvcZ ~]# systemctl enable  docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

另附docker操作命令： docker官网文档