线程同步机制

线程同步机制

①例一

源代码：

package cn.ecut.syn;

public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByTicket byTicket=new ByTicket();
        new Thread(byTicket,"甲").start();
        new Thread(byTicket,"乙").start();
        new Thread(byTicket,"丙").start();
    }
}
class ByTicket implements  Runnable{

    //票数
    private int ticketNum=10;
    //线程停止标志位
    private boolean flag=true;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(flag){
            buy();
        }
    }
    //买票方法
    private synchronized void buy(){
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if(ticketNum<=0){
            flag=false;
            return;
        }
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"买到了第"+ticketNum--+"张票");
    }
}

运行结果：

②例二

源代码：

package cn.ecut.syn;


public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Accont accont=new Accont(1000,"结婚基金");
        Drawing me=new Drawing(accont,50,"me");
        Drawing girlFriend=new Drawing(accont,100,"girlFriend");
        me.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }
}
//账户
class Accont{
    int money;//余额
    String name;//卡名

    public Accont(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}
//银行
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Accont accont;//账户
    int drawingMoney;//取钱金额
    int nowMoney;//现在手里的金额
    public Drawing(Accont accont,int drawingMoney,String name){
        super(name);
        this.accont=accont;
        this.drawingMoney=drawingMoney;
    }
    //取钱
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //同步方法synchronized默认锁的是this 可以用同步块锁任意对象 一般锁的对象是变化的量 需要增删改查的对象
        synchronized(accont){
            if(accont.money-drawingMoney<0){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"余额不足,无法取钱！");
                return;
            }
            //sleep放大问题
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            accont.money=accont.money-drawingMoney;//取钱之后余额
            nowMoney=nowMoney+drawingMoney;//手里金额
            System.out.println(accont.name+"余额为："+accont.money);
            System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里钱："+nowMoney);
        }

    }
}

运行结果：

③例三

源代码；

package cn.ecut.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//线程安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list=new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i <20000 ; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                //若不加锁 则会导致线程不安全 list.size将小于20000
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

运行结果：

④例四

源代码：

package cn.ecut.syn;

import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

//测试JUC安全类型集合
public class TestJUC {
    public static void  main(String[] args) {
        CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list=new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i <10000 ; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

运行结果：