验证IP地址是否正确

class Solution {
public:
    /**
     * 验证IP地址
     * @param IP string字符串 一个IP地址字符串
     * @return string字符串
     */
    string solve(string IP) {
        istringstream is(IP);
        string tmp = "";
        int cnt = 0;
        if (IP.find(':')==IP.npos) {
            while (getline(is, tmp, '.')) {
                ++cnt;
                if (cnt > 4 || tmp.empty() || tmp.size() > 1 && tmp[0] == '0' || tmp.size() > 3)
                    return "Neither";
                for (char t : tmp) {
                    if (t > '9' || t < '0') return "Neither";
                }
                int val = stoi(tmp);
                if (val < 0 || val>255) return "Neither";
            }
            return (cnt == 4 && IP.back() != '.') ? "IPv4" : "Neither";
        }
        else {
            while (getline(is, tmp, ':')) {
                ++cnt;
                if (cnt > 8 || tmp.empty() || tmp.size() > 4) return "Neither";
                for (char t : tmp) {
                    if (!(t >= '0' && t <= '9') && !(t >= 'a' && t <= 'f') && !(t >= 'A' && t <= 'F'))
                        return "Neither";
                }
            }
            return (cnt == 8 && IP.back() != ':') ? "IPv6" : "Neither";
        }
    }
};

class Solution {
public:
    string validIPAddress(string IP) {
        regex ipv4("(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])");
        regex ipv6("([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}\\:){7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}");
        if (regex_match(IP, ipv4)) return "IPv4";
        else if (regex_match(IP, ipv6)) return "IPv6";
        else return "Neither";
    }
};

class Solution {
public:
    string validIPAddress(string IP) {
        if (isValidIPv4(IP)) return "IPv4"; 
        if (isValidIPv6(IP)) return "IPv6";
        return "Neither";
    }
    
    // 优雅的split
    void split(const string s, vector<string>& vs, const char delim= ' '){
        istringstream iss(s);
        string temp;
        while (getline(iss,temp,delim)){
            vs.emplace_back(move(temp));
        }
        if (!s.empty() && s.back() == delim) vs.push_back({});//加这句的原因是getline不会识别最后一个delim,避免误判"172.16.254.1.","2001:0db8:85a3:0:0:8A2E:0370:7334:"之类的情况
    }
    
    // 判定是否IPv4
    bool isValidIPv4(string IP){
        vector<string> vs;
        split(IP,vs,'.');
        if (vs.size()!=4) return false;
        
        for (auto &v:vs) {
            if (v.empty() || (v.size()>1 && v[0] == '0') || v.size()>3) return false;
            for (auto c:v) {
                if (!isdigit(c)) return false;
            }
            int n = stoi(v);
            if (n<0||n>255) return false;
        }
        
        return true;
    }
    
    // 判定是否IPv6
    bool isValidIPv6(string IP){
        vector<string> vs;
        split(IP,vs,':');
        if (vs.size()!=8) return false;
        for (auto &v:vs) {
            if (v.empty() || v.size()>4 ) return false;
            for (auto c:v){
                if (!(isdigit(c) || (c>='a'&&c<='f') || (c>='A'&&c<='F'))) return false;
            }
        }
        
        return true;
        
    }
};