491. 递增子序列
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<int>> findSubsequences(vector<int>& nums) {
backtracking(nums, 0);
return result;
}
private:
vector<vector<int>> result;
vector<int> path;
void backtracking(vector<int>& nums, int startIndex) {
if (path.size() > 1) {
result.push_back(path);
// 注意这里不要加return,要取树上的节点
}
unordered_set<int> uset; // 使用set对本层元素进行去重
for (int i = startIndex; i < nums.size(); i++) {
if ((!path.empty() && nums[i] < path.back())|| uset.find(nums[i]) != uset.end()) {
continue;
}
uset.insert(nums[i]); // 记录这个元素在本层用过了,本层后面不能再用了
path.push_back(nums[i]);
backtracking(nums, i + 1);
path.pop_back();
}
}
};
46. 全排列
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<int>> result;
vector<int> path;
void backtracking (vector<int>& nums, vector<bool>& used) {
if (path.size() == nums.size()) {// 此时说明找到了一组
result.push_back(path);
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++) {
if (used[i] == true)
continue; // path里已经收录的元素,直接跳过
used[i] = true;
path.push_back(nums[i]);
backtracking(nums, used);
path.pop_back();
used[i] = false;
}
}
vector<vector<int>> permute(vector<int>& nums) {
vector<bool> used(nums.size(), false);
backtracking(nums, used);
return result;
}
};
47. 全排列 II
class Solution {
private:
vector<vector<int>> result;
vector<int> path;
void backtracking (vector<int>& nums, vector<bool>& used) {
if (path.size() == nums.size()) {// 此时说明找到了一组
result.push_back(path);
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++) {
if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1] && used[i - 1] == false) { // 如果同一树层nums[i - 1]使用过则直接跳过 used[i - 1] == true,说明同一树枝nums[i - 1]使用过 used[i - 1] == false,说明同一树层nums[i - 1]使用过
continue;
}
if (used[i] == false) {
used[i] = true;
path.push_back(nums[i]);
backtracking(nums, used);
path.pop_back();
used[i] = false;
}
}
}
public:
vector<vector<int>> permuteUnique(vector<int>& nums) {
sort(nums.begin(), nums.end()); // 排序
vector<bool> used(nums.size(), false);
backtracking(nums, used);
return result;
}
};