SaltStack之return与job管理

SaltStack之return与job管理

SaltStack组件之return

return流程
return是在Master端触发任务，然后Minion接受处理任务后直接与return存储服务器建立连接，然后把数据return存到存储服务器。关于这点一定要注意，因为此过程都是Minion端操作存储服务器，所以要确保Minion端的配置跟依赖包是正确的，这意味着我们将必须在每个Minion上安装指定的return方式依赖包，假如使用Mysql作为return存储方式，那么我们将在每台Minion上安装Mysql-python模块。

使用mysql作为return存储方式
在所有minion上安装Mysql-python模块

[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' pkg.install MySQL-python
node2.example.com:
    ----------
    MySQL-python:
        ----------
        new:
            1.2.5-1.el7
        old:
node1.example.com:
    ----------
    MySQL-python:
        ----------
        new:
            1.2.5-1.el7
        old:

部署一台mysql服务器用作存储服务器，此处就直接在192.168.39.135这台主机上部署

//部署mysql
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
//创建数据库和表结构（参考官方文档：https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/returners/all/salt.returners.mysql.html#module-salt.returners.mysql）

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE  `salt`
    ->   DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
    ->   DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> USE `salt`;
Database changed
MariaDB [salt]> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jids`;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `jids` (
    ->   `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->   `load` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    ->   UNIQUE KEY `jid` (`jid`)
    -> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `salt_returns` (
    ->   `fun` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    ->   `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->   `return` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    ->   `id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    ->   `success` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
    ->   `full_ret` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    ->   `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    ->   KEY `id` (`id`),
    ->   KEY `jid` (`jid`),
    ->   KEY `fun` (`fun`)
    -> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `salt_events` (
    -> `id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    -> `tag` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    -> `data` mediumtext NOT NULL,
    -> `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    -> `master_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    -> PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
    -> KEY `tag` (`tag`)
    -> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_salt |
+----------------+
| jids           |
| salt_events    |
| salt_returns   |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//授权访问
MariaDB [salt]> grant all on salt.* to salt@'%' identified by 'salt';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [salt]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

配置minion
minion有多个的话，可以在master上配好，再利用salt-cp传过去

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
...
mysql.host: '192.168.39.135'
mysql.user: 'salt'
mysql.pass: 'salt'
mysql.db: 'salt'
mysql.port: 3306

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart salt-minion

在Master上测试存储到mysql中

[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node2*' test.ping --return mysql
node2.example.com:
    True

在数据库中查询

MariaDB [salt]> select * from salt_returns\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       fun: test.ping
       jid: 20200229085110535065
    return: true
        id: node2.example.com
   success: 1
  full_ret: {"fun_args": [], "jid": "20200229085110535065", "return": true, "retcode": 0, "success": true, "fun": "test.ping", "id": "node2.example.com"}
alter_time: 2020-02-29 16:51:10
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

SaltStack组件之job cache

job cache流程

return时是由Minion直接与存储服务器进行交互，因此需要在每台Minion上安装指定的存储方式的模块，比如python-mysql，那么我们能否直接在Master上就把返回的结果给存储到存储服务器呢？

答案是肯定的，这种方式被称作 job cache 。意思是当Minion将结果返回给Master后，由Master将结果给缓存在本地，然后将缓存的结果给存储到指定的存储服务器，比如存储到mysql中。

开启master端的master_job_cache

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
...
master_job_cache: mysql
mysql.host: '192.168.39.135'
mysql.user: 'salt'
mysql.pass: 'salt'
mysql.db: 'salt'
mysql.port: 3306

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart salt-master

在master上再次测试能否存储至数据库

//node1没有设置return
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'df -h'
node1.example.com:
    Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/rhel-root   17G  5.5G   12G  33% /
    devtmpfs               901M     0  901M   0% /dev
    tmpfs                  912M  540K  912M   1% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                  912M  8.7M  903M   1% /run
    tmpfs                  912M     0  912M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1             1014M  143M  872M  15% /boot
    tmpfs                  183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0

在数据库中查询

MariaDB [salt]> select * from salt_returns\G
*************************** 3. row ***************************
       fun: cmd.run
       jid: 20200229090200717206
    return: "Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n/dev/mapper/rhel-root   17G  5.5G   12G  33% /\ndevtmpfs               901M     0  901M   0% /dev\ntmpfs                  912M  540K  912M   1% /dev/shm\ntmpfs                  912M  8.7M  903M   1% /run\ntmpfs                  912M     0  912M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup\n/dev/sda1             1014M  143M  872M  15% /boot\ntmpfs                  183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0"
        id: node1.example.com
   success: 1
  full_ret: {"fun_args": ["df -h"], "jid": "20200229090200717206", "return": "Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n/dev/mapper/rhel-root   17G  5.5G   12G  33% /\ndevtmpfs               901M     0  901M   0% /dev\ntmpfs                  912M  540K  912M   1% /dev/shm\ntmpfs                  912M  8.7M  903M   1% /run\ntmpfs                  912M     0  912M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup\n/dev/sda1             1014M  143M  872M  15% /boot\ntmpfs                  183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0", "retcode": 0, "success": true, "cmd": "_return", "_stamp": "2020-02-29T09:02:00.979866", "fun": "cmd.run", "id": "node1.example.com"}
alter_time: 2020-02-29 17:02:00
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

job管理

获取任务的jid

[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'df -h' -v
Executing job with jid 20200229090655210001    //   此处就是此命令的jid
-------------------------------------------

node1.example.com:
    Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/rhel-root   17G  5.5G   12G  33% /
    devtmpfs               901M     0  901M   0% /dev
    tmpfs                  912M  560K  912M   1% /dev/shm

通过jid获取此任务的返回结果

[root@node1 ~]# salt-run jobs.lookup_jid 20200229090655210001
node1.example.com:
    Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/rhel-root   17G  5.5G   12G  33% /
    devtmpfs               901M     0  901M   0% /dev