微服务调用之Ribbon与OpenFeign

一、Ribbon

• maven地址：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

一般注册中心都自带

<!--eureka-->
  <dependency>
   	 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 
 <!--nacos-->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
     <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>

• 主启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderApplication {
   

	public static void main(String[] args) {
   
		SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
	}
    /**
     * 向Spring容器中定义RestTemplate对象
     * @return
     */
	@Bean
    @LoadBalanced  #此注解一定要有，要不然找不到服务
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
   
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        return restTemplate;
    }
}

• 服务调用

    public Item queryItemById(Long id) {
   
      	//该方法走注册中心调用
      	//去注册中心根据app-item查找服务，这种方式必须先开启负载均衡@LoadBalanced
        String itemUrl = "http://app-item/item/{id}";
        Item result = restTemplate.getForObject(itemUrl, Item.class, id);
        System.out.println("订单系统调用商品服务,result:" + result);
        return result;
    }

二、OpenFeign

• maven地址

   <!--openfeign  @FeignClient 使用-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
       <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>

• 主启动类

package com.hao.springcloud.cloudconsumerorder8002;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

//@EnableFeignClients-指定调用其他服务的接口类存放目录（@）
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients(value = "com.hao.springcloud.cloudconsumerorder8002.service")
public class CloudConsumerOrder8002Application {
   

	public static void main(String[] args) {
   
		SpringApplication.run(CloudConsumerOrder8002Application.class, args);
	}
}

• 服务调用

package com.hao.springcloud.cloudconsumerorder8002.service;
#注意这个目录地址，就是上边EnableFeignClients指定的目录

import com.hao.cloudapicommons.bean.Payment;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
@Service
@FeignClient("cloud-payment-service")//被调用的服务名
public interface PaymentService {
   

	//接口必须和被调用的接口地址、参数、返回类型都保持一致
    @GetMapping("/getPayMent/{id}")
    public Payment getPayMent(@PathVariab