Linux(企业级)——kubernetes安装

1. 准备工作

首先，关闭所有节点的selinux和iptables防火墙，关闭swap分区

# 禁用swap分区：
swapoff -a
# 注释掉/etc/fstab文件中的swap定义

配置网桥

vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

sysctl --system
systemctl enable --now docker

配置docker更改cGroupdriver，添加内容

 vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

 "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],

重新加载docker

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

2. 安装配置kubeadm

在所有节点安装

• 安装kubeadm
  若没有离线安装包，推荐使用阿里云资源，新建一个yum源文件

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/k8s.repo

[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable --now kubelet

若有离线安装包，解压之后进入解压目录

yum install -y *
systemctl enable --now kubelet

在控制节点配置

• 查看默认配置信息

 kubeadm config print init-defaults	

• 拉取所需镜像
  若没有离线镜像，还是使用阿里云镜像拉取，阿里云若部分镜像没有，可以使用docker官方镜像，推送至私有仓库。

# 列出所需镜像
kubeadm config images list --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers	
# 拉取镜像
kubeadm config images pull --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers	

若有离线镜像包，可推送至私有仓库然后部署

# 离线镜像
#docker load -i k8s-1.21.3.tar
# 阿里云镜像 
#docker images | grep ^registry.aliyuncs.com |awk '{ print $1":"$2 }'|awk -F "/" '{system("docker tag "$0" reg.westos.org/k8s/"$3" ") }'
docker images | grep ^reg.westos.org/k8s | awk '{system("docker push "$1"")}'

• 配置环境变量与kubectl补齐

# 环境变量
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf 
echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> ~/.bash_profile
# 补齐
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc

• 初始化集群
  命令后接私有仓库地址，也可以直接通过阿里云镜像初始化。

kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --image-repository reg.westos.org/k8s

3. flannel 网络组件

在控制节点安装flannel组件，若无flannel镜像可直接通过github拉取

https://github.com/coreos/flannel

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

若有flannel镜像可先上传至私有仓库默认项目中，自行编写kube-flannel.yml

vim kube-flannel.yml 

---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: flannel:v0.14.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: flannel:v0.14.0
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg

应用配置文件

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 

4 . 节点扩容

在受控端根据初始化集群返回的token加入集群

• 受控节点1：

kubeadm join 172.25.52.2:6443 --token owgjeq.leu9qteaclc7mofd --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:56ef627275f401f47970bd71242ee8fa8288736d68105edad7a9c289220a17ed

• 受控节点2：

kubeadm join 172.25.52.2:6443 --token owgjeq.leu9qteaclc7mofd --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:56ef627275f401f47970bd71242ee8fa8288736d68105edad7a9c289220a17ed

• 查看集群节点工作状态
  在控制端

kubectl get node

kubectl get pod -n kube-system