什么是ThreadLocal
threadlocal是一个线程内部的存储类,可以在指定线程内存储数据,数据存储以后,只有指定线程可以得到存储数据。
用法如下:
/**
* ThreadLocal测试
*/
public class ThreadLocalTest {
static ThreadLocal<Men> t1 = new ThreadLocal<>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("线程1:" + t1.get());
}).start();
new Thread(() -> {
t1.set(new Men());
System.out.println("线程2:" + t1.get());
}).start();
}
static class Men {
}
}
很明显线程1是访问不到线程2所set的对象的
ThreadLocal源码
ThreadLocal的set方法源码:
public void set(T value) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
if (map != null)
map.set(this, value);
else
createMap(t, value);
}
ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
return t.threadLocals;
}
可以看到ThreadLocal的set方法是把ThreadLocal对象作为key插入到当前线程的ThreadLocalMap中
我们再看map.set方法源码:
private void set(ThreadLocal<?> key, Object value) {
// We don't use a fast path as with get() because it is at
// least as common to use set() to create new entries as
// it is to replace existing ones, in which case, a fast
// path would fail more often than not.
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len-1);
for (Entry e = tab[i];
e != null;
e = tab[i = nextIndex(i, len)]) {
ThreadLocal<?> k = e.get();
if (k == key) {
e.value = value;
return;
}
if (k == null) {
replaceStaleEntry(key, value, i);
return;
}
}
tab[i] = new Entry(key, value);
int sz = ++size;
if (!cleanSomeSlots(i, sz) && sz >= threshold)
rehash();
}
在第81行我们可以看到实际储存的是一个Entry对象
再看一下Entry对象对象的源码:
static class Entry extends WeakReference<ThreadLocal<?>> {
/** The value associated with this ThreadLocal. */
Object value;
Entry(ThreadLocal<?> k, Object v) {
super(k);
value = v;
}
}
可以发现Entry对象继承的是WeakReference弱引用对象!将key用弱引用来指向!
为什么要用弱引用呢?
这是因为当ThreadLocal对象没有其他引用指向时,线程的ThreadLocalMap对象中的一个key是强引用指向的ThreadLocal对象,而线程的存活时间是很长的,因此ThreadLocal对象将一直回收不了
就导致了内存泄漏。
但是当使用了弱引用时,并且这个ThreadLocal对象没有其他引用指向,一旦发生垃圾回收,就会将这个对象回收掉,防止了内存泄漏。
关于弱引用可参考:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45702700/article/details/114189817