#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
int main()
{
ll t,n,m;
cin>>t;
while(t--)
{
ll ans=0;
scanf("%lld%lld",&n,&m);
int z=min(m,(n/2));
ans=2*z*(n-z-1)+z;
printf("%lld\n",ans);
}
return 0;
}
11-30
06-10
12-18