验证码生成
环境:
后端:Java
前端:Vue
效果图(页面画的不好,勉强凑活看):
前端主要代码:
<img @click="changeCode()" :src="getVerifyCode" style="width: 100px;" alt="验证码获取失败">
click方法用来刷新验证码,src是获取路径,:src赋值变量,这样我们修改了getVerifyCode的值就会改变获取路径。
定义路径变量:
getVerifyCode: '/user/getVerifyCode?' + new Date().getTime()
click事件:
changeCode () {
this.getVerifyCode = '/user/getVerifyCode?' + new Date().getTime()
}
后端主要代码:
入口:
/* 获取验证码图片*/
@GetMapping("/getVerifyCode")
public void getVerificationCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
int width = 200;
int height = 69;
BufferedImage verifyImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//生成对应宽高的初始图片
String randomText = VerifyCode.drawRandomText(width, height, verifyImg);
//单独的一个类方法,出于代码复用考虑,进行了封装。
//功能是生成验证码字符并加上噪点,干扰线,返回值为验证码字符
request.getSession().setAttribute("verifyCode", randomText);
response.setContentType("image/png");//必须设置响应内容类型为图片,否则前台不识别
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); //获取文件输出流
ImageIO.write(verifyImg, "png", os);//输出图片流
os.flush();
os.close();//关闭流
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
对图片进行处理的类和方法:
package util;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* @Description
* @Auther WangJinguo
* @Date 2022/1/12 10:55
* @Version 1.0
**/
/*对图片进行处理的类和方法*/
public class VerifyCode {
public static String drawRandomText(int width, int height, BufferedImage verifyImg) {
Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) verifyImg.getGraphics();
graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置画笔颜色-验证码背景色
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景
graphics.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
//数字和字母的组合
String baseNumLetter = "123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer();
int x = 10; //旋转原点的 x 坐标
String ch = "";
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
graphics.setColor(getRandomColor());
//设置字体旋转角度
int degree = random.nextInt() % 30; //角度小于30度
int dot = random.nextInt(baseNumLetter.length());
ch = baseNumLetter.charAt(dot) + "";
sBuffer.append(ch);
//正向旋转
graphics.rotate(degree * Math.PI / 180, x, 45);
graphics.drawString(ch, x, 45);
//反向旋转
graphics.rotate(-degree * Math.PI / 180, x, 45);
x += 48;
}
//画干扰线
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
// 设置随机颜色
graphics.setColor(getRandomColor());
// 随机画线
graphics.drawLine(random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height),
random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height));
}
//添加噪点
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
int x1 = random.nextInt(width);
int y1 = random.nextInt(height);
graphics.setColor(getRandomColor());
graphics.fillRect(x1, y1, 2, 2);
}
return sBuffer.toString();
}
/**
* 随机取色
*/
private static Color getRandomColor() {
Random ran = new Random();
Color color = new Color(ran.nextInt(256),
ran.nextInt(256), ran.nextInt(256));
return color;
}
}
下一章讲一下登陆时如何校验验证码:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45732391/article/details/122654760