目录
简单的页面登录功能的实现
1.编写登录页面index.jsp
两个输入框,一个按钮
<html>
<head>
<title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<h2>欢迎登录</h2>
<form name="login">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"><br/>
密 码:<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码"><br/>
<button type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2. 创建数据库login,创建表USER
CREATE DATABASE login;
USE login;
CREATE TABLE USER(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
3.在表中添加数据
4.导入配置文件和jar包
5. 创建用户实体和get set toString方法
public class user {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "user{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
6.数据库的配置文件
注意写在目录src下
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/login
username=root
password=root
initialSize=5
maxActive=10
maxWait=3000
7.创建工具类JDBCUtils
public class JDBCUtils {
private static DataSource ds;
static {
try {
//1.加载配置文件
Properties pro = new Properties();
//使用ClassLoader加载配置文件,获取字节输入流
InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
pro.load(is);
//2.初始化连接池对象
ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//获取连接池对象
public static DataSource getDataSource(){
return ds;
}
//获取连接Connection对象
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
return ds.getConnection();
}
}
8.创建类UserDao
public class UserDao {
//声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登录方法
* @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
* @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到,返回null
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try {
//1.编写sql
String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
//2.调用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
} catch (DataAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
return null;
}
}
}
9.写LoginServlet
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.设置编码
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//2.获取请求参数
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//3.封装user对象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);
//4.调用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
//5.判断user
if(user == null){
//登录失败
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
}else{
//登录成功
//存储数据
req.setAttribute("user",user);
//转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
10.登录失败的failServlet
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录失败,用户名或密码错误");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
11.登录成功的successServlet
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取request域中共享的user对象
User user=(User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user!=null){
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录成功"+user.getUsername()+"欢迎您!!!");
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
12.登录页面中记得加上
action=""
这个地址是/虚拟地址/Servlet的资源路径
遇到的问题:
1.有红色代码
相关的jar包没有导全。
2. Property 'dataSource' is required
数据库的配置文件位置不对,应该在src目录下。
3.报错Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
UserDao不能正常使用
就是导包的问题:应导入如下的包
4.报错:此URL不支持Http方法GET
解决方案:要定义提交方式为post。
<form name="login" action="/login01/loginServlet" method="post">
总结如下:
实现登录功能,连接数据库。其实最主要的是Servlet和Dao;在Servlet中处理请求,Dao其实是可以没有的,主要的是,页面有后台的交互是Servlet实现的,页面中的action写虚拟目录+servlet的资源路径,就可以把数据传给后台了。
扩展:
1.在servlet中实现页面的跳转,参数可以是jsp,就是实现页面跳转。