Java—项目三
目标
-
模拟实现一个基于文本界面的《开发团队调度软件》
-
熟悉Java面向对象的高级特性，进一步掌握编程技巧和调试技巧
-
主要涉及以下知识点：
- 类的继承性和多态性
- 对象的值传递、接口
- static和final修饰符
- 特殊类的使用：包装类、抽象类、内部类
- 异常处理
需求说明
- 该软件实现以下功能：
- 软件启动时，根据给定的数据创建公司部分成员列表（数组）
- 根据菜单提示，基于现有的公司成员，组建一个开发团队以开发一个新的项目
- 组建过程包括将成员插入到团队中，或从团队中删除某成员，还可以列出团队中现有成员的列表
- 开发团队成员包括架构师、设计师和程序员
第1步 — 创建项目基本组件
-
完成以下工作：
- 创建TeamSchedule项目
- 按照设计要求，创建所有包
- 将项目提供的几个类复制到相应的包中
- (view包中：TSUtility.java; service包中：Data.java)
-
按照设计要求，在com.atguigu.team.domain包中，创建Equipment接
口及其各实现子类代码
- 按照设计要求，在com.atguigu.team.domain包中，创建Employee类
及其各子类代码
- 检验代码的正确性
Employee类及其子类的设计
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说明：
-
memberId 用来记录成员加入开发团队后在团队中的ID
-
Status是项目service包下自定义的类，声明三个对象属性，分别表示成员的状态。
- FREE-空闲
- BUSY-已加入开发团队
- VOCATION-正在休假
-
equipment 表示该成员领用的设备
-
可根据需要为类提供各属性的get/set方法以及重载构造器
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员工
package kuang.project03.domain;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/23 9:24
* @Descrption:
* @Version
*/
public class Employee {
private int id ;
private String name ;
private int age ;
private double salary ;
public Employee() {
}
public Employee(int id, String name, int age, double salary) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.salary = salary;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(double salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
public String getDetails(){
return id + "\t" + name +"\t" + age + "\t" + salary;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return id + "\t" + name +"\t" + age + "\t" + salary ;
}
}
程序员
package kuang.project03.domain;
import kuang.project03.service.Status;
import java.util.SplittableRandom;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/23 9:45
* @Descrption:
* @Version
*/
public class Programmer extends Employee{
private int memberId ;//开发团队中的id
private Status status = Status.FREE;
private Equipment equipment ;
public Programmer() {
super();
}
public Programmer(int id, String name, int age, double salary, Equipment equipment) {
super(id, name, age, salary);
this.equipment = equipment;
}
public int getMemberId() {
return memberId;
}
public void setMemberId(int memberId) {
this.memberId = memberId;
}
public Status getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(Status status) {
this.status = status;
}
public Equipment getEquipment() {
return equipment;
}
public void setEquipment(Equipment equipment) {
this.equipment = equipment;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return super.toString() + "\t程序员\t" + status + "\t\t\t\t\t" + equipment.getDescrption();
}
public String getTeamBaseDetails(){
return memberId + "/" + getId() + "\t" + getName() + "\t" + getAge() +"\t" + getSalary();
}
public String getDetailsForTeam(){
return getTeamBaseDetails() +"\t程序员\t" + status + "\t\t\t" + equipment.getDescrption();
}
}
设计员
package com.atguigu.team.domain;
public class Designer extends Programmer{
private double bonus;
public Designer() {
}
public Designer(int id, String name, int age, double salary,
Equipment equipment, double bonus) {
super(id, name, age, salary, equipment);
this.bonus = bonus;
}
public double getBonus() {
return bonus;
}
public void setBonus(double bonus) {
this.bonus = bonus;
}
public String getDetailsForTeam() {
return getMemberDetails() + "\t设计师\t" + getBonus();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return getDetails() + "\t设计师\t" + getStatus() + "\t" +
getBonus() +"\t\t" + getEquipment().getDescription();
}
}
架构师
package kuang.project03.domain;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/23 11:06
* @Descrption:
* @Version
*/
public class Architect extends Designer {
private int stock;//股票
public Architect() {
super();
}
public Architect(int id, String name, int age, double salary, Equipment equipment, double bonus, int stock) {
super(id, name, age, salary, equipment, bonus);
this.stock = stock;
}
public int getStock() {
return stock;
}
public void setStock(int stock) {
this.stock = stock;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return getDetails() + "\t架构师\t" + getStatus() + "\t" +getBonus() + "\t" + getStock() + "\t" + getEquipment().getDescrption();
}
public String getDetailsForTeam(){
return getTeamBaseDetails() +"\t架构师\t" + getBonus() + "\t" + getStock();
}
}
设备
package kuang.project03.domain;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/22 17:08
* @Descrption:
* @Version
*/
public interface Equipment {
public abstract String getDescrption();
}
pc
package kuang.project03.domain;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/22 17:15
* @Descrption:
* @Version
*/
public class PC implements Equipment { //实现类
private String model ;//model表示机器的型号，私有提供get/set方法，提供构造器空参和带参的
private String display;//display表示显示器的型号
public PC() {
super();
}
public PC(String model, String display) {
this.model = model;
this.display = display;
}
public String getModel() {
return model;
}
public void setModel(String model) {
this.model = model;
}
public String getDisplay() {
return display;
}
public void setDisplay(String display) {
this.display = display;
}
@Override
public String getDescrption() {
return model + "(" + display + ")" ;
}
}
notebook
package com.atguigu.team.domain;
public class NoteBook implements Equipment{
private String model;//机器的型号
private double price;//价格
public NoteBook() {
super();
}
public NoteBook(String model, double price) {
super();
this.model = model;
this.price = price;
}
public String getModel() {
return model;
}
public void setModel(String model) {
this.model = model;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return model + "(" + price + ")";
}
}
printer
package com.atguigu.team.domain;
public class Printer implements Equipment{
private String name;//名称
private String type;//机器的类型
public Printer() {
super();
}
public Printer(String name, String type) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return name + "(" + type + ")";
}
}
第2步 — 实现servic包中的类
-
按照设计要求编写NameListService类
-
在NameListService类中临时添加一个main方法中，作为单元测试方法。
-
在方法中创建NameListService对象，然后分别用模拟数据调用该对象的各个方法，以测试是否正确。
注：测试应细化到包含了所有非正常的情况，以确保方法完全正确。
- 重复1-3步，完成TeamService类的开发
数据
package kuang.project03.service;
public class Data {
public static final int EMPLOYEE = 10;
public static final int PROGRAMMER = 11;
public static final int DESIGNER = 12;
public static final int ARCHITECT = 13;
public static final int PC = 21;
public static final int NOTEBOOK = 22;
public static final int PRINTER = 23;
//Employee : 10, id, name, age, salary
//Programmer: 11, id, name, age, salary
//Designer : 12, id, name, age, salary, bonus
//Architect : 13, id, name, age, salary, bonus, stock
public static final String[][] EMPLOYEES = {
{"10", "1", "马云 ", "22", "3000"},
{"13", "2", "马化腾", "32", "18000", "15000", "2000"},
{"11", "3", "李彦宏", "23", "7000"},
{"11", "4", "刘强东", "24", "7300"},
{"12", "5", "雷军 ", "28", "10000", "5000"},
{"11", "6", "任志强", "22", "6800"},
{"12", "7", "柳传志", "29", "10800","5200"},
{"13", "8", "杨元庆", "30", "19800", "15000", "2500"},
{"12", "9", "史玉柱", "26", "9800", "5500"},
{"11", "10", "丁磊 ", "21", "6600"},
{"11", "11", "张朝阳", "25", "7100"},
{"12", "12", "杨致远", "27", "9600", "4800"}
};
//如下的EQUIPMENTS数组与上面的EMPLOYEES数组元素一一对应
//PC :21, model, display
//NoteBook:22, model, price
//Printer :23, name, type
public static final String[][] EQUIPMENTS = {
{},
{"22", "联想T4", "6000"},
{"21", "戴尔", "NEC17寸"},
{"21", "戴尔", "三星 17寸"},
{"23", "佳能 2900", "激光"},
{"21", "华硕", "三星 17寸"},
{"21", "华硕", "三星 17寸"},
{"23", "爱普生20K", "针式"},
{"22", "惠普m6", "5800"},
{"21", "戴尔", "NEC 17寸"},
{"21", "华硕","三星 17寸"},
{"22", "惠普m6", "5800"}
};
}
**NameListService **
package kuang.project03.service;
import kuang.project03.domain.*;
import static kuang.project03.service.Data.* ;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/23 11:11
* @Descrption: 负责将DATA中的数据封装到Employee[]数组中，同时提供相关操作Employee[]的方法。
* @Version
*/
public class NameListService {
private Employee[] employees ;//属性
/**
* 给employees及数组元素进行初始化
*/
public NameListService() {
// 根据项目提供的Data类构建相应大小的employees数组
// 再根据Data类中的数据构建不同的对象，包括Employee、Programmer、Designer和Architect对象，
// 以及相关联的Equipment子类的对象,将对象存于数组中
employees = new Employee[EMPLOYEES.length];//数组初始化
for (int i = 0; i < employees.length ; i++) {
//获取员工类型;
int type = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][0]);
//获取Employee的4个基本信息
int id = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][1]);
String name = EMPLOYEES[i][2];
int age = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][3]);
double salary = Double.parseDouble(EMPLOYEES[i][4]);
Equipment equipment;
double bonus;
int stock ;
switch (type){
case EMPLOYEE:
employees[i] = new Employee(id , name , age , salary);
break;
case PROGRAMMER:
equipment = createEquipment(i);
employees[i] = new Programmer(id , name , age , salary , equipment);
break;
case DESIGNER:
equipment = createEquipment(i);
bonus = Double.parseDouble(EMPLOYEES[i][5]);
employees[i] = new Designer(id , name , age , salary , equipment , bonus);
break;
case ARCHITECT:
equipment = createEquipment(i);
bonus = Double.parseDouble(EMPLOYEES[i][5]);
stock = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][6]);
employees[i] = new Architect(id , name , age , salary , equipment , bonus , stock );
break;
}
}
}
/**
* desc:获取指定index上员工的设备
* @param
* @return
*/
private Equipment createEquipment(int index) {
int key = Integer.parseInt(EQUIPMENTS[index][0]);
String modelOrName = EQUIPMENTS[index][1] ;
switch (key) {
case PC://21
String display = EQUIPMENTS[index][2] ;
return new PC(modelOrName, display);
case NOTEBOOK://22
double price = Double.parseDouble(EQUIPMENTS[index][2]);
return new NoteBook(modelOrName, price);
case PRINTER://23
String type = EQUIPMENTS[index][2];
return new Printer(modelOrName , type);
}
return null ;
}
/**
* desc: 负责将Date中的数据封装到Employee[]数组中，同时提供相关操作Employee[]的方法。
* @return
*/
public Employee[] getAllEmployees() {
return employees;
}
/**
* desc : 获取指定ID的员工对象
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Employee getEmployee(int id) throws TeamException {
for (int i = 0; i < employees.length ; i++) {
if (employees[i].getId() == id){
return employees[i];
}
}
throw new TeamException("找不到指定的员工") ;
}
}
员工状态
package kuang.project03.service;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/23 10:17
* @Descrption: 表示员工的状态
* @Version
*/
public class Status {
private final String NAME ;//属性
private Status(String name ) {//构造器私有化，不允许它在外面再去造对象了
this.NAME = name ;
}
public static final Status FREE = new Status("FREE");
public static final Status BUSY = new Status("BUSY");
public static final Status VOCATION = new Status("VOCATION");
public String getNAME(){
return NAME;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return NAME;
}
}
TeamException
package kuang.project03.service;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/27 15:27
* @Descrption: 自定义异常类
* @Version
*/
public class TeamException extends Exception{
static final long serialVersionUID = -3387514229948L;
public TeamException() {
super();
}
public TeamException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
TeamService
package kuang.project03.service;
import kuang.project03.domain.Architect;
import kuang.project03.domain.Designer;
import kuang.project03.domain.Employee;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/7/29 15:06
* @Descrption: 关于开发团队成员的管理、添加、删除等。
* @Version
*/
public class TeamService {
private static int counter = 1 ;//给memberId赋值使用
private final int MAX_MEMBER = 5;//限制开发团队的人数
private Programmer[] team = new Programmer[MAX_MEMBER];//保存开发团队成员
private int total = 0 ; //记录开发团队中实际的人数
public TeamService(){
}
/**
* @desc：获取开发团队中的所有成员
* @return
*/
public Programmer[] getTeam(){
Programmer[] team = new Programmer[total];
for (int i = 0; i < team.length ; i++) {
team[i] = this.team[i];
}
return team;
}
/**
* @desc: 将指定的员工添加到开发团队中
* @param e
*/
public void addMember(Employee e) throws TeamException{
//成员已满，无法添加
if (total >= MAX_MEMBER){
throw new TeamException("成员已满，无法添加");
}
//该成员不是开发人员
if (!(e instanceof Programmer) ){
throw new TeamException("该成员不是开发人员，无法添加");
}
//该员工已在本开发团队中
Programmer p = (Programmer)e;//一定不会出现ClassCastException
if(isExist(p)){
throw new TeamException("该成员已在本开发团队中");
}
//该员工正在休假，无法添加
if (!("BUSY".equals(p.getStatus().getNAME()))){
if("VOCATION".equalsIgnoreCase(p.getStatus().getNAME())){
throw new TeamException("该员正在休假，无法添加");
}
} else {
throw new TeamException("该员工已在本开发团队中");
}
//团队中至多只能有一名架构师
//团队中至多只能有两名设计师
//团队中至多只能有三名程序员
//获取team已有成员架构师，设计师、程序员的人数。
int numOfArch = 0, numOfDes = 0, numOfPro = 0 ;
for (int i = 0; i < total ; i++) {
if (team[i] instanceof Architect){
numOfArch++;
}else if(team[i] instanceof Designer){
numOfDes++;
}else if(team[i] instanceof Programmer){
numOfPro++;
}
}
if (p instanceof Architect){
if (numOfArch >= 1){
throw new TeamException("团队中至多有一个架构师");
}else if(p instanceof Designer){
if(numOfDes >= 2){
throw new TeamException("团队中至多只能有两名设计师");
}
}else if(p instanceof Programmer){
if (numOfPro >= 3){
throw new TeamException("团队中至多只能有三名程序员");
}
}
}
//p的属性赋值
p.setStatus(Status.BUSY);
p.setMemberId(counter++);
//将p(或e)添加到现有的team中
team[total++] = p;
}
/**
* @Desc: 判断指定的员工是否已经存在于现有的开发团队中
* @param e
* @return
*/
private boolean isExist(Employee e){
for (int i = 0; i < total ; i++) {
if (team[i].getId() == e.getId()){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* @Desc: 从团队中删除成员
* @param memberId
*/
public void removeMember(int memberId) throws TeamException{
int i = 0;
for ( ; i < total; i++) {
if (team[i].getMemberId() == memberId){
team[i].setStatus(Status.FREE);
break;
}
}
//未找到指定memberId的情况
if (i == total){
throw new TeamException("找不到指定memberId的员工，删除失败");
}
for (int j = i+1; j < total; j++) {
team[j - 1] = team[j];
}
team[total-1] = null;
total --;
}
}
第3步 — 实现view包中类
- 按照设计要求编写TeamView类，逐一实现各个方法，并编译
- 执行main方法中，测试软件全部功能
package kuang.project03.view;
import kuang.project03.domain.Employee;
import kuang.project03.service.NameListService;
import kuang.project03.service.TeamException;
import kuang.project03.service.TeamService;
/**
* @Author: dell
* @DATE: 2022/8/8 9:29
* @Descrption:
* @Version
*/
public class TeamView {
private NameListService listSvc = new NameListService();
private TeamService teamSvc = new TeamService();
public void enterMainMenu(){
boolean loopFlag = true ;
char menu = 0;
while (loopFlag){
if (menu != '1') {
listAllEmployees();
}
System.out.print("1-团队列表 2-添加团队成员 3-删除团队成员 4-退出 请选择(1-4)：");
menu = TSUtility.readMenuSelection();
switch (menu){
case '1':
getTeam();
break;
case '2':
addMember();
break;
case '3':
deleteMember();
break;
case '4':
System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N):");
char isExit = TSUtility.readConfirmSelection();
if(isExit == 'Y'){
loopFlag = false;
}
break;
}
}
}
/**
* @desc 显示所有的员工信息
*/
private void listAllEmployees(){
//System.out.println("显示公司所有的员工信息");
System.out.println("----------------开发团队调度软件————————————————————————\n");
Employee[] employees = listSvc.getAllEmployees();
if ( employees == null ||employees.length == 0){
System.out.println("公司中没有任何员工信息！");
}else{
System.out.println("ID\t 姓名\t年龄\t 工资\t 职位\t 状态\t 奖金\t 股票\t 领用设备");
for (int i = 0; i < employees.length; i++) {
System.out.println(employees[i]);
}
}
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");
}
private void getTeam(){
// System.out.println("查看开发团队情况");
System.out.println("--------------------------团队成员列表------------------\n");
Programmer[] team = teamSvc.getTeam();
if (team == null || team.length == 0){
System.out.println("开发团队目前没有成员！");
}else{
System.out.println("TID\t姓名年龄\t工资\t职位\t奖金\t股票\n");
for (int i = 0; i < team.length; i++) {
System.out.println(team[i].getDetailsForTeam());
}
}
System.out.println("----------------------------------------------------------");
}
private void addMember(){
// System.out.println("添加团队成员");
System.out.println("----------------------添加成员----------------------------");
System.out.print("请输入要添加成员的ID：");
int id = TSUtility.readInt();
try {
Employee emp = listSvc.getEmployee(id);
teamSvc.addMember(emp);
System.out.println("添加成功");
} catch (TeamException e) {
System.out.println("添加失败，原因" + e.getMessage());
}
//按回车键继续...
TSUtility.readReturn();
}
private void deleteMember(){
// System.out.println("删除团队成员");
System.out.println("----------------------------删除成员--------------------");
System.out.print("请输入要删除成员的TID:");
int memberId = TSUtility.readInt();
System.out.print("确认是否删除(Y/N):");
char isDelete = TSUtility.readConfirmSelection();
if (isDelete == 'N'){
return;
}
try {
teamSvc.removeMember(memberId);
System.out.println("删除成功");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("删除数据，原因：" + e.getMessage());
}
//按回车键继续...
TSUtility.readReturn();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
TeamView view = new TeamView();
view.enterMainMenu();
}
}
工具
package kuang.project03.view;
import java.util.*;
/**
*
* @Description 项目中提供了TSUtility.java类，可用来方便地实现键盘访问。
* @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
* @version
* @date 2019年2月12日上午12:02:58
*
*/
public class TSUtility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/**
*
* @Description 该方法读取键盘，如果用户键入’1’-’4’中的任意字符，则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
* @author shkstart
* @date 2019年2月12日上午12:03:30
* @return
*/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' &&
c != '3' && c != '4') {
System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
} else break;
}
return c;
}
/**
*
* @Description 该方法提示并等待，直到用户按回车键后返回。
* @author shkstart
* @date 2019年2月12日上午12:03:50
*/
public static void readReturn() {
System.out.print("按回车键继续...");
readKeyBoard(100, true);
}
/**
*
* @Description 该方法从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
* @author shkstart
* @date 2019年2月12日上午12:04:04
* @return
*/
public static int readInt() {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
*
* @Description 从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’，并将其作为方法的返回值。
* @author shkstart
* @date 2019年2月12日上午12:04:45
* @return
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() == 0) {
if (blankReturn) return line;
else continue;
}
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}
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