在Spring中采取事务处理

前期配置（Maven项目）

在pom.xml中补充以下代码：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

在src/maim/resources下创建db.properties文件：

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username=root
password=123456

继续创建applicationContext.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--注入数据源-->
    <bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
        <!--关联mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <!--关联mapper配置文件-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionTemplate" ref="sqlSession"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

接着创建mybatis-config.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

实体类

package com.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

配置文件声明事务

在applicationContext.xml中声明

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-tx.aop">

    <!--data source-->
    <bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--sqlsession-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
        <!--关联mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <!--为com.mapper路径下的所有mapper文件进行配置-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--声明式事务-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <constructor-arg ref="datasource" />
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--结合aop实现事务置入-->
    <!--配置事务的类-->
    <tx:advice id="tx" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--对所有方法配置事务-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置事务切入，切入点为com.mapper包下的所有类以及所有方法、参数-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="txpointcut" expression="execution(* com.mapper.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="tx" pointcut-ref="txpointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

mapper层接口以及配置文件

package com.mapper;

import com.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> selectUser();
    int addUser(User user);
    int delete(int id);
}

package com.mapper;

import com.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;

import java.util.List;

public class UserMapperIml implements UserMapper {
    private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate;
    public void setSqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate) {
        this.sqlSessionTemplate = sqlSessionTemplate;
    }
    public List<User> selectUser() {
        return sqlSessionTemplate.getMapper(UserMapper.class).selectUser();
    }

    public int addUser(User user) {
        return sqlSessionTemplate.getMapper(UserMapper.class).addUser(user);
    }

    public int delete(int id) {
        return sqlSessionTemplate.getMapper(UserMapper.class).delete(id);
    }
}

测试

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		User user = new User();
        user.setId(1);
        user.setName("张三");
        user.setPwd("123");
        SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.addUser(user);
        user.setId(2);
        user.setName("李四");
        user.setPwd("123");
        mapper.addUser(user);
        /*
        假设将sql语句中的delete改为deletes，强行使sql语法错误来制造错误，
        判断插入语句能否生效，正常来说采取事务的话一旦出错就会全部回滚，
        不会出现同个方法里面一半sql能执行而另一半sql语句执行失败。
        所以最后"张三"和"李四"对应的user都会回滚，不会执行数据库的插入操作。
        在银行系统中更是重视事务，不然小小的失误就会造成巨大的经济损失。
        */
        mapper.delete(2);
        return mapper.selectUser();
	}
}