JDBC：操作BLOB类型字段

操作BLOB类型字段

mysql中的BLOB类型

向数据表中插入Blob类型数据

    //向数据表（customers表）中插入Blob类型的字段
    @Test
    public void testInsert() throws Exception {
        Connection conn = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
        String sql = "insert into customers(name,email,birth,photo) values(?,?,?,?)";
        PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

        ps.setObject(1,"张三");
        ps.setObject(2,"zhangsan@qq.com");
        ps.setObject(3,"2022-03-22");
		//将图片存入数据库
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File("1.jpg"));//相对路径
        ps.setBlob(4,is);

        ps.execute();

        JDBCUtil.closeResource(conn,ps);
    }

修改数据表中的Blob类型字段

Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
String sql = "update customers set photo = ? where id = ?";
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

// 填充占位符
// 操作Blob类型的变量
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("coffee.png");
ps.setBlob(1, fis);
ps.setInt(2, 25);

ps.execute();

fis.close();
JDBCUtils.closeResource(conn, ps);

从数据表中读取Blob类型数据

    //查询数据表customers中Blob类型的字段
    @Test
    public void testQuery() {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        InputStream is= null;
        FileOutputStream fos=null;
        try {
        
            conn = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "select id,name,email,birth,photo from customers where id = ?";
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

            ps.setInt(1,21);
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            if (rs.next()){
                //方式一
    //            int id = rs.getInt(1);
    //            String name = rs.getString(2);
    //            String email = rs.getString(3);
    //            Date birth = rs.getDate(4);
                //方式二
                int id = rs.getInt("id");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                String email = rs.getString("email");
                Date birth = rs.getDate("birth");
                Customers cust = new Customers(id, name, email, birth);

                Blob photo = rs.getBlob("photo");
                //将Blob类型的字段下载下来，以文件的方式保存到本地
                is = photo.getBinaryStream();
                fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("zansan.jpg"));//存储到相对路径下
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int len;
                while((len=is.read(buffer)) !=-1){
                    fos.write(buffer,0,len);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (is != null)
                    is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            try {
                if(fos != null)
                    fos.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            JDBCUtil.closeResource(conn,ps,rs);
        }
    }

插入Blob字段特殊情况说明

如果在指定了相关的Blob类型以后，还报错：xxx too large，那么在mysql的安装目录下，找my.ini文件加上如下的配置参数： max_allowed_packet=16M。同时注意：修改了my.ini文件之后，需要重新启动mysql服务。