目录
一、基于XML配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC
(一)创建Spring项目【SpringMVCDemo01】
(二)在pom文件里添加相关依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>net.hw.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringMVCDemo01</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<!-- spring.version -->
<spring.version>5.3.4</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--Spring核心-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Bean-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring容器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring MVC-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSP标准标签库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志框架-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
(三)给项目添加Web功能
(四)创建三个页面
- 在WEB-INF里创建views子目录
1、登录页面 - login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户登录</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" >
</head>
<body>
<h3 style="text-align: center">用户登录</h3>
<form id="frmLogin" action="login" method="post">
<table class="tb" border="1" cellpadding="10" style="margin: 0px auto">
<tr>
<td align="center">账号</td>
<td><input id="username" type="text" name="username"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">密码</td>
<td><input id="password" type="password" name="password"/></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
<input type="reset" value="重置"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
2、登录成功页面 - success.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${username},登录成功!</h1>
</body>
</html>
3、登录失败页面 - failure.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录失败</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${username},登录失败!</h1>
</body>
</html>
(五)创建登录控制器 - LoginController
-
创建net.lsy.spring.controller子包,然后在包里创建LoginController类
package net.lsy.spring.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; /** * 功能:登录控制器 * 作者:lsy * 日期:2021年 */ @Controller public class LoginController { @RequestMapping("/login") public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password, HttpSession session) { // 将从登录表单获取的用户名写入会话 session.setAttribute("username", username); // 判断是否登录成功 if (username.equals("admin") && password.equals("12345")) { // 返回逻辑视图名 return "success"; } else { // 返回逻辑视图名 return "failure"; } } }
(六)创建Spring配置文件 - spring-config.xml
-
在resources里创建mvc子目录,然后在子目录里创建spring-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--组件扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="net.lsy.spring.controller" /> </beans>
(七)创建Spring MVC配置文件 - spring-mvc-config.xml
-
在resources/mvc目录里创建spring-mvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--采用注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--扫描控制器--> <context:component-scan base-package="net.lsy.spring.controller"/> <!--定义内部资源视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
(八)在web.xml里加载Spring配置文件与Spring MVC配置文件
-
在web/WEB-INF目录里打开web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--设置启动首页--> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/WEB-INF/views/login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!--Spring容器加载监听器,让Spring随着Web项目启动而初始化--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--指定Spring配置文件位置--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:mvc/spring-config.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--配置Spring前段控制器,加载Spring MVC配置文件--> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:mvc/spring-mvc-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> <!--“/”表明拦截一切请求--> </servlet-mapping> <!--设置字符编码过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>