SQL五十道经典题型——（一）查询课程编号为“01”的课程比“02”的课程成绩高的所有学生的学号（重点）

SQL必会50道经典题型

创建表

学生表：
student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) –学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别
课程表：
course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – –课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号
教师表：
teacher(t_id,t_name) –教师编号,教师姓名
成绩表：
score(s_id,c_id,s_s_score) –学生编号,课程编号,分数
测试数据
--建表
--学生表
CREATE TABLE `student`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);
--课程表
CREATE TABLE `course`(
`c_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);
--教师表
CREATE TABLE `teacher`(
`t_id` VARCHAR(20),
`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);
--成绩表
CREATE TABLE `score`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_score` INT(3),
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);
--插入学生表测试数据
insert into student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
--课程表测试数据
insert into course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

--教师表测试数据
insert into teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into teacher values('03' , '王五');

--成绩表测试数据
insert into score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into score values('07' , '03' , 98);

第一题、 查询课程编号为“01”的课程比“02”的课程成绩高的所有学生的学号（重点）

分析题目：

找到01课分数大于02课分数的同学。

首先找到01课程的分数

SELECT
	s_id,
	s_score 
FROM
	score 
WHERE
	c_id = '01'

其次找到02课程的分数

SELECT
	s_id,
	s_score 
FROM
	score 
WHERE
	c_id = '02'

找到01科目分数比02科目分数大的同学

SELECT
	a.s_id AS sid,
	a.s_score AS 01_score,
	b.s_score AS 02_score 
FROM
	( SELECT s_id, c_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '01' ) AS a,
	( SELECT s_id, c_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '02' ) AS b 
WHERE
	a.s_id = b.s_id #这一行是为了判断是同一个人的01科目的分数大于02科目的分数，如果不存在这个判断，就会查询出a同学01的科目分数大于b同学的02科目分数。
	AND a.s_score > b.s_score

将student表与score表连接起来

采用内连接的方式，内连接就是关联的两张或多张表中，根据关联条件，显示所有匹配的记录，匹配不上的，不显示。

SELECT
	st.*,
	a.s_score AS 01_score,
	b.s_score AS 02_score 
FROM
	student AS st
	INNER JOIN ( SELECT s_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '01' ) AS a ON st.s_id = a.s_id
	INNER JOIN ( SELECT s_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '02' ) AS b ON st.s_id = b.s_id 
WHERE
	a.s_score > b.s_score;