APIview+Serializers使用
详情参考
1.APIview使用
- ModelVIewSet 是对 APIView 封装
- ModelSerializer 是对 Serializer封装
1.1 user/urls.py中添加路由
urlpatterns = [
path('apiview/', views.UserInfoViewSet.as_view()),
]
1.2 创建user/serializers.py写序列化器
- serializers.ModelSerializer 和 serializers.Serializer field参数说明
''' field参数 '''
read_only=True 表示不允许用户自己上传,只能用于api的输出,序列化的时候也不用对这个数据进行验 证,序列化返回是有改字段
创建user/serializers.py写序列化器
class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)
username = serializers.CharField(min_length=3,max_length=20,error_messages= {'required': '该字段必填'})
img = serializers.ImageField(required=False)
nick_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=20)
address = serializers.CharField(max_length=255)
xxx = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = User
def get_xxx(self,row):
'''row: 传过来的正是 User表的对象'''
users = row.username
return users
def create(self, validated_data):
'''validated_data: 表单或者vue请求携带的json: {"username":"zhangsan","password":"123456"}'''
return User.objects.create(**validated_data)
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
''' instance : 查询的对象 validated_data : postman提交的json数据 {"username":"zhangsan","password":"123456"} '''
if validated_data.get('username'):
instance.username = validated_data['username']
instance.save()
return instance
def validate_name(self, value):
if value == 'root':
raise serializers.ValidationError('不能创建root管理员账号')
return value
def validate(self, attrs):
print(attrs)
if attrs.get("username") == 'admin':
raise serializers.ValidationError('不能创建admin用户')
return attrs
1.3 在user/views.py中添加视图函数
from user.serializers import UserInfoSerializer
class UserInfoViewSet(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
obj = User.objects.all()
ser = UserInfoSerializer(instance=obj,many=True)
'''创建用户'''
def post(self,request):
ser = UserInfoSerializer(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
ser.save()
return Response(data=ser.data, status=201)
return Response(data=ser.errors,status=400)
def put(self, request):
pk = request.query_params.get('pk')
try:
userinfo = User.objects.get(id = pk)
except Exception as e:
return Response(data='用户不存在', status=201)
ser = UserInfoSerializer(userinfo,data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
ser.save()
return Response(data=ser.data, status=201) return Response(data=ser.errors,status=400)