java中的序列化(保存在本地磁盘实现)

1.什么是序列化和反序列化？

序列化是将java对象序列化为一个二进制数据
反序列化是将对象的二进制数据转换为对象拿出来使用

2.序列化有什么用？

1. 可以将数据保存在本地磁盘中
2. 可以在网络中进行传输

3.序列化实现

使用的是ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream

3.1.保存本地磁盘

实体类Person

public class Person implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -5820306334982742687L;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private int change;
    private Account account;

    public Person(String name, int age, int change, Account account) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.change = change;
        this.account = account;
    }

    public int getChange() {
        return change;
    }

    public void setChange(int change) {
        this.change = change;
    }

    public Account getAccount() {
        return account;
    }

    public void setAccount(Account account) {
        this.account = account;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", change=" + change +
                ", account=" + account +
                '}';
    }
}

实体类Account

public class Account implements Serializable {
    double balance;

    public Account(double balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    public double getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }

    public void setBalance(double balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "balance=" + balance +
                '}';
    }
}

使用ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream实现对象序列化和反序列化

package com.objectstream.java;

import com.objectstream.bean.Account;
import com.objectstream.bean.Person;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.*;

/**
 * 对象流的使用
 * 1.ObjectInputStream和 ObjectOutputStream
 * 2.作用
 * 3.对象可序列化的要求：对象及其属性是可序列化的，要加UID
 * 4.ObjectInputStream和 ObjectOutputStream不能序列化 static 和 transient 修饰的变量
 * @author 27938
 */
public class ObjectInputOutputStreamTest {
    /**
     序列化：内存中java对象保存在磁盘中或通过网络传输出去
     */
    @Test
    public void testObjectOutputStream() {
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        try {
            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("object.dat")));
//            oos.writeObject(new String("为了田田和自己"));
            oos.writeObject(new Person("田田",20,0,new Account(1000)));
            oos.flush();//刷新操作
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (oos != null) {
                try {
                    oos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 反序列化
     */
    @Test
    public void testObjectInputStream() {
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;
        try {
            ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("object.dat")));
            System.out.println(ois.readObject().toString());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (ois != null) {
                try {
                    ois.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

序列化注意事项
1.首先序列化的对象必须是可序列化的。
对象可序列化的前提：实现Serializable接口、标识码UID、属性也是可序列化的。
2.static 和 transient 修饰的变量是不可被序列化的，否侧被修饰的变量序列化操作后会出现null值