[题] Milking Order G #二分答案 #排序 #图论 #拓扑排序

题目 P4376 [USACO18OPEN] Milking Order G

题解

首先我们发现 这个可以满足序列的数目是单调的
所以 我们可以直接二分答案来确实满足了几个序列
然后 我们发现 如果把先后顺序加成有向图的表示方式
我们就需要判断一下这个图中是否存在环
可以使用Tarjan算法判断
如果是一个DAG(有向无环图)的话就是合理的(因为存在拓扑序,这道题的题意契合拓扑序)
最后 我们根据满足的序列数再建一个DAG
使用拓扑排序确定答案序列
还有 保证字典序最小
我们只需要把拓扑排序中的队列换成优先队列就可以了(因为是数字)

代码

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
const int M = 1e5 + 10, N = 5e5 + 10;
using namespace std;
int n, m, cnt, ans, top;
int num[M], ansq[M];
int to[N], nxt[N], h[N], tot;
//tarjan用 
int dfn[M], low[M], st[M], in[M];
bool vis[M];
//拓扑用 
vector<int> G[M];//建拓扑序的边 
priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> > q;
void add(int x, int y){ to[++ tot] = y; nxt[tot] = h[x]; h[x] = tot; }
void trjan(int now)
{
	dfn[now] = low[now] = ++ cnt; 
	st[++ top] = now; 
	vis[now] = 1;
	for(int i = h[now]; i; i = nxt[i])
	{
		int v = to[i]; 
		if(!dfn[v]) trjan(v), low[now] = min(low[now], low[v]); 
		else if(vis[v]) low[now] = min(low[now], dfn[v]); 
	}
	if(dfn[now] == low[now])
	{
		++ tot;
		while(st[top + 1] != now)
			vis[st[top --]] = 0; 
	}
}
//二分答案判断函数
bool check(int x)
{
	//重建图:仅到第mid行 
	tot = 0;
	memset(h, 0, sizeof h);
	for(int i = 1; i <= x; ++i)
		for(int j = 0; j < (int)G[i].size() - 1; ++j)
			add(G[i][j], G[i][j+1]);  
			
	tot = 0, cnt = 0;   
	memset(vis, 0, sizeof vis);
	memset(dfn, 0, sizeof dfn);
	memset(low, 0, sizeof low);
	top = 0;
	for(int i = n; i; --i) if(!dfn[i]) trjan(i);
	if(tot == n) return 1;
	else return 0; 
}
//拓扑排序求解答案
void tuopu(int now)
{
	//重建图 
	tot = 0;
	memset(h, 0, sizeof h);
	for(int i = 1; i <= now; ++i)
		for(int j = 0; j < (int)G[i].size() - 1; ++ j )
	  		add(G[i][j], G[i][j + 1]), in[G[i][j + 1]] ++;  
		
	cnt = 0; 
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++ i) if(!in[i]) q.push(i); 
	while(!q.empty() )
	{
		int u = q.top();
		q.pop(); 
		ansq[++ cnt] = u; 
		for(int i = h[u]; i; i = nxt[i])
		{
			int v = to[i]; 
			in[v]--; 
			if(!in[v]) q.push(v); 
		}
	}
}
int main()
{
	scanf("%d%d", &n, &m); 
	for(int i = 1; i <= m; i ++)
	{
		scanf("%d", &num[i]); 
		for(int j = 1, x; j <= num[i]; j ++)
		scanf("%d", &x), G[i].push_back(x); 
	}
	//二分答案确定ans 
	int l = 1, r = n, ans = 0; 
	while(l <= r)
	{
		int mid = (l + r) >> 1; 
		if(check(mid)) ans = mid, l = mid + 1; 
		else r = mid - 1; 
	}
	tuopu(ans); 
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) printf("%d ", ansq[i]); 
	return 0; 
}
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Based on the following story, continue the story by writing two paragraphs, paragraph 1 beginning with "A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. " and paragraph 2 beginning with "I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared."respectively with 150 words. I was invited to a cookout on an old friend's farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years.A noise at a window caught my attention,so I entered it. It was a hummingbird,desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside,closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes.I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly.Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering,she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment,this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say good-bye.”
02-12

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