银行家算法(C语言实现)

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#include<stdio.h>
int Max[5][3] = {0,1,2,4,2,2,3,0,3,3,1,1,0,0,4};         //五个进程对各种资源的最大需求
int Allocation[5][3] = {0,1,0,2,0,0,3,0,3,2,1,1,0,0,2};  //五个进程已分配的各种资源数目 
int Need[5][3] = {0,0,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,2};        //五个进程任需要各种资源的数目 
int Available[3] = {0,0,0};                              //可利用的各资源的数目
int Work[3];                                             //可用资源数 
bool Finish[5];                                          //进程是否完成 
int Request[3];                                          //进程提出对各个资源请求的数目 
int Sequence[5];                                         //安全序列 

bool is_safe()                           //安全性判断 
{
 int i,j,i1 = 0;
 bool t = false;
 
 for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)               //把Available赋值给Work
 {
  Work[i] =  Available[i];
 }
  
 for(i = 0; i<5; i++)                 //初始化所有进程未完成 
 {
  Finish[i] = false;
 }
 
 while(1)
 {
  for(j = 0; j < 5; j++)           //寻找Need小于等于Work的进程 
  {
   if(Finish[j]) continue;
   t = true;
   for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
   {
    if(Need[j][i] <= Work[i]) continue;
    else
    {
     t = false;
     break;
    }
   }
   if(t) break;                 //判断第j个进程是否满足Need小于等于Work
  }
  
  if(t && (Finish[j] == false))    //是否找到Need小于等于Work的进程并且进程未完成 
  {
   for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
   {
    Work[i] = Work[i] + Allocation[j][i];
   }
   Finish[j] = true;           //进程完成 
   Sequence[i1] = j;           //安全序列
   i1++;
  }
  else
  {
   for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
   {
    if(Finish[i]) continue;
    else return false;
   }
   return true;
  }
  
 }
 return true;
}

void request_option(int a)             //资源的请求选择 
{
 int i;
 bool t = true;
 
 for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)                //判断Requesti是否小于等于Needi 
 {
  if(Request[i] <= Need[a][i]) continue;
  else
  {
   printf("错误!\n");          //Requesti大于Needi出现错误,请求失败 
   t = false;
   break;
  }
 }
 
 if(t)
 {
  for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)         //判断Requesti是否小于等于Availablei 
  {
   if(Request[i] <= Need[a][i]) continue;
   else
   {
    printf("错误,进程堵塞!\n");    //Requesti大于Availablei出现错误,进程Pi堵塞 
    t =  false;
    break;
   }
  }
 }
 
 if(t)               //试分配 
 {
  for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
   Available[i] = Available[i] - Request[i];
   Allocation[a][i] = Allocation[a][i] + Request[i];
   Need[a][i] = Need[a][i] - Request[i];
  }  
 }
 
}

void print_Sequence()        //打印安全序列 
{
 int i;
 printf("安全序列为:");
 for(i=0;i<4;i++)
 {
  printf("P%d->",Sequence[i]);
 }
 printf("P%d\n",Sequence[4]);
}

int main()
{
 int i,a;
 if(is_safe())                          //判断T0系统是否处于安全状态
 {
  printf("T0系统处于安全状态\n");
  print_Sequence();                 //打印输出找到的资源分配的安全序列
  printf("\n"); 
 }
 else
 {
  printf("T0系统处于不安全状态\n");
 }
 
 printf("请输入资源请求的进程(0:P0  1:P1  2:P2  3:P3  4:P4):");
 scanf("%d",&a);
 printf("输入请求A、B、C资源的数目:");
 for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
 {
  scanf("%d",&Request[i]);
 } 
  
 request_option(a);
 if(is_safe())                          //系统是否处于安全状态
 {
  printf("系统能满足该资源请求\n");
  print_Sequence();                 //打印输出找到的资源分配的安全序列
 }
  else
 {
  printf("系统不能满足该资源请求\n");
 }
 
}
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操作系统课的实验(银行家算法)#include "malloc.h"   #include "stdio.h"   #include "stdlib.h"   #define alloclen sizeof(struct allocation)   #define maxlen sizeof(struct max)   #define avalen sizeof(struct available)   #define needlen sizeof(struct need)   #define finilen sizeof(struct finish)   #define pathlen sizeof(struct path)   struct allocation   {   int value;   struct allocation *next;   };   struct max   {   int value;   struct max *next;   };   struct available /*可用资源数*/   {   int value;   struct available *next;   };   struct need /*需求资源数*/   {   int value;   struct need *next;   };   struct path   {   int value;   struct path *next;   };   struct finish   {   int stat;   struct finish *next;   };   int main()   {   int row,colum,status=0,i,j,t,temp,processtest;   struct allocation *allochead,*alloc1,*alloc2,*alloctemp;   struct max *maxhead,*maxium1,*maxium2,*maxtemp;   struct available *avahead,*available1,*available2,*workhead,*work1,*work2,*worktemp,*worktemp1;   struct need *needhead,*need1,*need2,*needtemp;   struct finish *finihead,*finish1,*finish2,*finishtemp;   struct path *pathhead,*path1,*path2;   printf("\n请输入系统资源的种类数:");   scanf("%d",&colum);   printf("请输入现时内存中的进程数:");   scanf("%d",&row);   printf("请输入已分配资源矩阵:\n");   for(i=0;i<row;i++)   {   for (j=0;jnext=alloc2->next=NULL;   scanf("%d",&allochead->value);   status++;   }   else   {   alloc2=(struct allocation *)malloc(alloclen);   scanf("%d,%d",&alloc2->value);   if(status==1)   {   allochead->next=alloc2;   status++;   }   alloc1->next=alloc2;   alloc1=alloc2;   }   }   }   alloc2->next=NULL;   status=0;   printf("请输入最大需求矩阵:\n");   for(i=0;i<row;i++)   {   for (j=0;jnext=maxium2->next=NULL;   scanf("%d",&maxium1->value);   status++;   }   else   {   maxium2=(struct max *)malloc(maxlen);   scanf("%d,%d",&maxium2->value);   if(status==1)   {   maxhead->next=maxium2;   status++;   }   maxium1->next=maxium2;   maxium1=maxium2;   }   }   }   maxium2->next=NULL;   status=0;   printf("请输入现时系统剩余的资源矩阵:\n");   for (j=0;jnext=available2->next=NULL;   work1->next=work2->next=NULL;   scanf("%d",&available1->value);   work1->value=available1->value;   status++;   }   else   {   available2=(struct available*)malloc(avalen);   work2=(struct available*)malloc(avalen);   scanf("%d,%d",&available2->value);   work2->value=available2->value;   if(status==1)   {   avahead->next=available2;   workhead->next=work2;   status++;   }   available1->next=available2;   available1=available2;   work1->next=work2;   work1=work2;   }   }   available2->next=NULL;   work2->next=NULL;   status=0;   alloctemp=allochead;   maxtemp=maxhead;   for(i=0;i<row;i++)   for (j=0;jnext=need2->next=NULL;   need1->value=maxtemp->value-alloctemp->value;   status++;   }   else   {   need2=(struct need *)malloc(needlen);   need2->value=(maxtemp->value)-(alloctemp->value);   if(status==1)   {   needhead->next=need2;   status++;   }   need1->next=need2;   need1=need2;   }   maxtemp=maxtemp->next;   alloctemp=alloctemp->next;   }   need2->next=NULL;   status=0;   for(i=0;inext=finish2->next=NULL;   finish1->stat=0;   status++;   }   else   {   finish2=(struct finish*)malloc(finilen);   finish2->stat=0;   if(status==1)   {   finihead->next=finish2;   status++;   }   finish1->next=finish2;   finish1=finish2;   }   }   finish2->next=NULL; /*Initialization compleated*/   status=0;   processtest=0;   for(temp=0;temp<row;temp++)   {   alloctemp=allochead;   needtemp=needhead;   finishtemp=finihead;   worktemp=workhead;   for(i=0;istat==0)   {   for(j=0;jnext,worktemp=worktemp->next)   if(needtemp->valuevalue)   processtest++;   if(processtest==colum)   {   for(j=0;jvalue+=alloctemp->value;   worktemp1=worktemp1->next;   alloctemp=alloctemp->next;   }   if(status==0)   {   pathhead=path1=path2=(struct path*)malloc(pathlen);   path1->next=path2->next=NULL;   path1->value=i;   status++;   }   else   {   path2=(struct path*)malloc(pathlen);   path2->value=i;   if(status==1)   {   pathhead->next=path2;   status++;   }   path1->next=path2;   path1=path2;   }   finishtemp->stat=1;   }   else   {   for(t=0;tnext;   finishtemp->stat=0;   }   }   else   for(t=0;tnext;   alloctemp=alloctemp->next;   }   processtest=0;   worktemp=workhead;   finishtemp=finishtemp->next;   }   }   path2->next=NULL;   finishtemp=finihead;   for(temp=0;tempstat==0)   {   printf("\n系统处于非安全状态!\n");   exit(0);   }   finishtemp=finishtemp->next;   }   printf("\n系统处于安全状态.\n");   printf("\n安全序列为: \n");   do   {   printf("p%d ",pathhead->value);   }   while(pathhead=pathhead->next);   printf("\n");   return 0;   } #include "string.h" #include #include #define M 5 #define N 3 #define FALSE 0 #define TRUE 1 /*M个进程对N类资源最大资源需求量*/ int MAX[M][N]={{7,5,3},{3,2,2},{9,0,2},{2,2,2},{4,3,3}}; /*系统可用资源数*/ int AVAILABLE[N]={10,5,7}; /*M个进程对N类资源最大资源需求量*/ int ALLOCATION[M][N]={{0,0,0},{0,0,0},{0,0,0},{0,0,0},{0,0,0}}; /*M个进程已经得到N类资源资源量 */ int NEED[M][N]={{7,5,3},{3,2,2},{9,0,2},{2,2,2},{4,3,3}}; /*M个进程还需要N类资源资源量*/ int Request[N]={0,0,0}; void main() { int i=0,j=0; char flag='Y'; void showdata(); void changdata(int); void rstordata(int); int chkerr(int); showdata(); while(flag=='Y'||flag=='y') { i=-1; while(i=M) { printf("请输入需申请资源的进程号(从0到"); printf("%d",M-1); printf(",否则重输入!):"); scanf("%d",&i); if(i=M)printf("输入的进程号不存在,重新输入!\n"); } printf("请输入进程"); printf("%d",i); printf("申请的资源数\n"); for (j=0;jNEED[i][j]) { printf("进程"); printf("%d",i); printf("申请的资源数大于进程"); printf("%d",i); printf("还需要"); printf("%d",j); printf("类资源资源量!申请不合理,出错!请重新选择!\n"); /*printf("申请不合理,出错!请重新选择!\n");*/ flag='N'; break; } else { if(Request[j]>AVAILABLE[j]) { printf("进程"); printf("%d",i); printf("申请的资源数大于系统可用"); printf("%d",j); printf("类资源资源量!申请不合理,出错!请重新选择!\n"); /*printf("申请不合理,出错!请重新选择!\n");*/ flag='N'; break; } } } if(flag=='Y'||flag=='y') { changdata(i); if(chkerr(i)) { rstordata(i); showdata(); } else showdata(); } else showdata(); printf("\n"); printf("是否继续银行家算法演示,按'Y'或'y'键继续,按'N'或'n'键退出演示: "); scanf("%c",&flag); } } void showdata() { int i,j; printf("系统可用的资源数为:\n"); printf(" "); for (j=0;j<N;j++){ printf(" 资源"); printf("%d",j); printf(":"); printf("%d",AVAILABLE[j]); /*printf("\n");*/ /* cout<<endl; // cout<<"各进程资源的最大需求量:"<<endl<<endl; // for (i=0;i<M;i++) // { // cout<<"进程"<<i<<":"; // for (j=0;j<N;j++)cout<<" 资源"<<j<<": "<<MAX[i][j]; // cout<<endl; */ } printf("\n"); printf("各进程还需要的资源量:\n"); for (i=0;i<M;i++) { printf(" 进程"); printf("%d",i); printf(":"); for (j=0;j<N;j++){ printf("资源"); printf("%d",j); printf(":"); printf("%d",NEED[i][j]); /*printf("\n");*/ } printf("\n"); } printf("各进程已经得到的资源量: \n"); for (i=0;i<M;i++) { printf(" 进程"); printf("%d",i); /*printf(":\n");*/ for (j=0;j<N;j++){ printf("资源"); printf("%d",j); printf(":"); printf("%d",ALLOCATION[i][j]); /*printf("\n");*/ } printf("\n"); } } void changdata(int k) { int j; for (j=0;j<N;j++) { AVAILABLE[j]=AVAILABLE[j]-Request[j]; ALLOCATION[k][j]=ALLOCATION[k][j]+Request[j]; NEED[k][j]=NEED[k][j]-Request[j]; } }; void rstordata(int k) { int j; for (j=0;j<N;j++) { AVAILABLE[j]=AVAILABLE[j]+Request[j]; ALLOCATION[k][j]=ALLOCATION[k][j]-Request[j]; NEED[k][j]=NEED[k][j]+Request[j]; } }; int chkerr(int s) { int WORK,FINISH[M],temp[M]; int i,j,k=0; for(i=0;i<M;i++)FINISH[i]=FALSE; for(j=0;j<N;j++) { WORK=AVAILABLE[j]; i=s; while(i<M) { if (FINISH[i]==FALSE&&NEED[i][j]<=WORK) { WORK=WORK+ALLOCATION[i][j]; FINISH[i]=TRUE; temp[k]=i; k++; i=0; } else { i++; } } for(i=0;i<M;i++) if(FINISH[i]==FALSE) { printf("\n"); printf("系统不安全!!! 本次资源申请不成功!!!\n"); printf("\n"); return 1; } } printf("\n"); printf("经安全性检查,系统安全,本次分配成功。\n"); printf("\n"); printf(" 本次安全序列:"); for(i=0;i"); } printf("\n"); return 0; }
银行家算法是一种用于避免死锁的资源分配算法。下面是一个简单的银行家算法C语言实现示例: ```c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdbool.h> #define MAX_PROCESS 10 #define MAX_RESOURCE 10 int available[MAX_RESOURCE]; int max_claim[MAX_PROCESS][MAX_RESOURCE]; int allocated[MAX_PROCESS][MAX_RESOURCE]; int need[MAX_PROCESS][MAX_RESOURCE]; bool finished[MAX_PROCESS]; void input_data(int n, int m) { printf("Enter the number of resources:\n"); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { scanf("%d", &available[i]); } printf("Enter the maximum claim matrix:\n"); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { scanf("%d", &max_claim[i][j]); } } printf("Enter the allocated matrix:\n"); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { scanf("%d", &allocated[i][j]); need[i][j] = max_claim[i][j] - allocated[i][j]; } } } bool is_safe_state(int n, int m) { int work[m]; bool finish[n]; // 初始化工作向量 for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { work[i] = available[i]; } // 初始化进程状态 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { finish[i] = false; } int count = 0; while (count < n) { bool found = false; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (finish[i]) { continue; } // 检查是否满足进程 i 的需求 bool can_allocate = true; for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { if (need[i][j] > work[j]) { can_allocate = false; break; } } if (can_allocate) { // 分配资源给进程 i for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { work[j] += allocated[i][j]; } finish[i] = true; found = true; count++; } } // 如果没有找到可分配的进程,则不安全 if (!found) { return false; } } return true; } int main() { int n, m; printf("Enter the number of processes:\n"); scanf("%d", &n); printf("Enter the number of resources:\n"); scanf("%d", &m); input_data(n, m); if (is_safe_state(n, m)) { printf("The system is in a safe state.\n"); } else { printf("The system is in an unsafe state.\n"); } return 0; } ``` 这个程序实现银行家算法的基本逻辑。它首先要求用户输入资源的数量、最大需求矩阵和已分配矩阵。然后,它使用银行家算法检测系统是否处于安全状态,并输出相应的结果。 请注意,这只是一个简单的实现示例,可能需要根据具体情况进行修改和优化。另外,输入数据的格式和合法性检查也需要根据实际需求进行完善。
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