文章目录
Mybatis
1.简介
1.1什么是Mybatis
- MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架
- 它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射
- MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作
- MyBatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO(Plain Old Java Objects,普通老式 Java 对象)为数据库中的记录
如何获得Mybatis
-
Maven
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.6</version> </dependency>
-
Github
1.2持久化
数据持久化
- 持久化就是将程序的数据在持久状态和瞬时状态转化的过程
- 内存:断电即失 例子:从内存转到硬盘–>就是持久化
- 数据库(JDBC),IO文件持久化
- 生活:冷藏,罐头
为什么需要持久化?
- 有一些对象,不能让他丢掉
- 内存太贵了
1.3持久层
Dao层,Service层,Controller层
- 完成持久化工作的代码块
- 层界限十分明显
1.4为什么需要Mybatis
- 方便
- 传统的JDBC代码太复杂了。简化。框架。自动化。
- 帮助程序员将数据存入到数据库中
- 简单易学:
- 灵活:
- sql和代码的分离,提高了可维护性。
- 提供映射标签,支持对象与数据库的orm字段关系映射
- 提供对象关系映射标签,支持对象关系组建维护
- 提供xml标签,支持编写动态sql。
最重要的一点:使用的人多!
2.第一个Mybatis程序
思路:搭建环境–>导入Myabtis–>编写代码–>测试
2.1搭建环境
- 搭建数据库
- 创建项目
- 导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.25</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
2.2创建模块
- 编写mybatis的核心配置文件(连接数据库)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="xuanjie"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/example/mybatisstudy/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
- 编写mybatis工具类(生成一个操控sql语句的工具)
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
2.3编写代码
- 实体类
public class User {
int id;
String name;
String pwd;
public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public User() {
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
- Dao接口
import com.example.mybatisstudy.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserDao {
List<User> getUserList();
}
- 接口实现类 (由原来的UserDaoImpl转变为一个Mapper配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.mybatisstudy.dao.UserDao">
<!-- id绑定UserDao中对应的实现方法 -->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.example.mybatisstudy.pojo.User">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
2.4测试
public class test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//第一步:获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//方式:getMapper
UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<User> usersList = userDao.getUserList();
for (User user : usersList){
System.out.println(user);
};
sqlSession.close();
}
}
3.CRUD
3.1 namespace
namespace中的包名要和Dao/mapper接口的包名一致
3.2 select
选择,查询语句:
- id:就是对应的namespace中的方法名;
- resultType:Sql语句执行的返回值
- parameterType:参数类型
1.编写接口
User getUserById(int id);
2.编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.example.mybatisstudy.pojo.User">
select * from user where id = #{id}
</select>
3.测试
//第一步:获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//getMapper
UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//查询用户
User user1 = userDao.getUserById(1);
System.out.println(user1);
3.3 Insert
1.编写接口
int addUser(User user);
2.编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.example.mybatisstudy.pojo.User">
insert into user (id,name,pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd});
</insert>
3.测试
//第一步:获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//getMapper
UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
userDao.addUser(new User(4,"孙同骏","123456"));
3.4 Update
1.编写接口
int updateUser(User user);
2.编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<insert id="updateUser" parameterType="com.example.mybatisstudy.pojo.User">
update user set name=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id = #{id};
</insert>
3.测试
//第一步:获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//getMapper
UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
userDao.updateUser(new User(4,"hh","123123"));
3.5 Delete
1.编写接口
int deleteUser(int id);
2.编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from user where id = #{id};
</delete>
3.测试
//第一步:获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//getMapper
UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
userDao.deleteUser(4);
### 3.5 Delete
1.编写接口
```java
int deleteUser(int id);
2.编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from user where id = #{id};
</delete>
3.测试
//第一步:获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//getMapper
UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
userDao.deleteUser(4);