5:spring注解开发

//<bean id="userDao" class="MySpringStudy.Impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
@Repository("userDao")//上面代码等同于注入的代码
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void save()
    {
        System.out.println("save running......");
    }
}

/*<bean id="userService" class="MySpringStudy.Impl.UserServiceImpl">
</bean>*/
@Service("userService")
@Scope("prototype")

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService
{
    //<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>

    //@Autowired
    //@Qualifier("userDao")
    //通过注解注入的方式可以不要setUserDao方法,并且可以不要这行代码,
    //因为如果没有userDao的实例对象，spring会扫描userDao类型的bean，找到就会直接注入(不能有多个                
    //UserDao类型的bean，不然它不知道注入哪个)

    //Qualifier是按照id值从容器中进行匹配的，但是此处要结合@Autowired一起使用

    @Resource(name = "userDao")//@Resource = @Autowired + @Qualifier("userDao")    

    private UserDao userDao;

    @Override
    public void save()
    {
        userDao.save();
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void init()
    {
        System.out.println("对象的初始化方法");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void destory()
    {
        System.out.println("对象的销毁方法");
    }
}

public class UserController
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextAnno.xml");
        UserService us = (UserServiceImpl) app.getBean("userService");
        us.save();
    }
}

因为spring没有对哪些包的bean进行扫描，所以识别不到id为userService的bean

 添加组件扫描:

    <!--配置组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="MySpringStudy"/>

    <!--加载外部properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="application.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

设置base-package="MySpringStudy",则MySpringStudy包下的子包都会被扫描

加载外部properties文件之后，就可以使用STL语法

@Value("${spring.datasource.url}")

private String driver;

给driver赋值为键为spring.datasource.url的值

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/test2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=18081736467xr
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
server.port=8081

 

@Configuration//标志该类是spring的核心配置类，代替applicationContextAnno

/*配置组件扫描*/
/*<context:component-scan base-package="MySpringStudy"/>*/
@ComponentScan("MySpringStudy")

/*<!--加载外部properties文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="application.properties"></context:property-placeholder>*/
@PropertySource("application.properties")

@Import({SpringConfiguration2.class})
public class SpringConfiguration
{
    @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
    private String url;

}

Test文件中新建SpringJunitTest，运行

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//运行环境
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {SpringConfiguration.class})//指定测试配置文件的位置
public class SpringJunitTest
{
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("userService")
    private UserService userService;

    @Test
    public void test()
    {
        userService.save();
    }
}