9.SpringMvc概述以及快速入门

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步骤：

 

代码实现:

1.导入坐标

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

2.配置springMVC的前端控制器

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

3.4.创建controller以及对应的映射方法

@Controller
public class UserController
{
    @RequestMapping("/save")
    public String save()
    {
        System.out.println("controller save running...");
        return "index.jsp";
    }
}

5.配置在resources文件夹下创建spring-mvc.xml文件，扫描controller包，需要添加context命名空间

这里注意：一定要在spring-mvc.xml添加controller扫描,

如果在applicationContext.xml添加，spring-mvc.xml在配置映射器和适配器，就不能知道controller位置，也就报404

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       ">

    <context:component-scan base-package="controller" ></context:component-scan>
    <!--DAO service层用applicationContext.xml扫描-->
</beans>

6.spring-mvc.xml什么时候加载呢，applicationContext.xml有监听器，初始化就加载

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

所以在前端的核心控制器，初始化spring-mvc

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

因为url-pattern是/，浏览器打开自动加载前端控制器，也就自动加载spring-mvc.xml