Deepin v20安装MySQL8.0数据库

1. 下载安装包，下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql
   

2. 配置环境变量

# 创建MySQL安装路径
mkdir $HOME/Apps/mysql-v8.0
# 增加环境变量到配置文件
echo 'export MYSQLPATH="$HOME/Apps/mysql-v8.0"' >> $HOME/.bashrc
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:$MYSQLPATH/bin:$MYSQLPATH/support-files"' >> $HOME/.bashrc
# 使配置立即生效
source $HOME/.bashrc
# 将解压后的安装包copy到这个目录
cp $HOME/Downloads/mysql-8.0.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/mysql-8.0.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* $MYSQLPATH

3. 生成MySQL配置文件my.cnf内容（无需修改以下内容，直接复制运行即可）

echo "
[client]
port = 3306
socket = $MYSQLPATH/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
port = 3306
user = $USER
basedir = $MYSQLPATH
datadir = $MYSQLPATH/data
socket = $MYSQLPATH/mysql.sock
log-error = $MYSQLPATH/data/mysql.err
pid-file = $MYSQLPATH/data/mysql.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
symbolic-links = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password
" > $MYSQLPATH/my.cnf

4. 初始化MySQL数据库

# 初始化数据库，已配置环境变量，可直接使用mysqld命令
mysqld --initialize
# 运行以上命令后会出现如下内容,请记住*号处的随机密码
# 2021-04-23T07:48:21.495357Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /home/bearki/Apps/mysql-v8.0/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.24) initializing of server in progress as process 8193
# 2021-04-23T07:48:21.500871Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
# 2021-04-23T07:48:22.325277Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
# 2021-04-23T07:48:23.382064Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ************

5. MySQL服务命令

# 启动服务
mysql.server start
# 停止服务
mysql.server stop
# 重启服务
mysql.server restart
# 还有下面这些，自己研究吧
start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status

6. 修改数据库root账户密码

# 连接数据库(将*号换成上面的密码)
mysql -uroot -p************
# 执行密码修改（不要忘了后面的分号）
mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' identified WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';

7. 允许数据库被远程登录（先连接数据库才配置）

# 配置远程登录
mysql> use mysql;
# root可以替换成别的用户
mysql> UPDATE user SET user.Host='%' WHERE user.User='root';

8. 关闭MySQL连接（先连接数据库）

mysql> quit