java 网络编程

idea完成简单的TCP通信

客户端

1. 连接服务器Soucket
2. 发送消息

package com.scanner.tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date 2020/11/18 9:33
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//客户端
public class TcpServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket = null;
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
            //1.要知道一个地址，端口号
            InetAddress serverIP = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.45.34");
            int port = 9999;
            //2.创建一个socket连接
            socket = new Socket(serverIP, port);
            //3.发送消息 io流
            os = socket.getOutputStream();
            os.write("你好".getBytes());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (os!=null){
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (socket!=null){
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }

    }
}

服务器

1. 建立服务端口ServerSocket
2. 等待用户连接accept
3. 接收用户的消息

package com.scanner.tcp;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date 2020/11/18 9:33
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//服务端
public class TcpClientDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
        Socket socket = null;
        InputStream is =null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos =null;
        try {
            //1.有一个地址
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);

            while (true){  //2.等待客户端连接过来
            socket = serverSocket.accept();
            // 读取客户端的消息
            is  = socket.getInputStream();
            //管道流通
            baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
                baos.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            System.out.println(baos.toString());}


        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (baos!=null){
                try {
                    baos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (is!=null){
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (socket!=null){
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (serverSocket!=null){
                try {
                    serverSocket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

TCP传输文件

客服端

package com.scanner.tcp;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date 2020/11/18 10:25
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//客服端
public class TcpClientDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //创建一个socket
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("192.168.45.34"),9999);
        //创建一个输出流
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        //读取文件
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("timg.jpg"));
        //写文件
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=fis.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        //通知服务器，我已经结束了
        socket.shutdownOutput();


        //确定服务端接收完毕，才可以断开连接
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer2 = new byte[1024];
        int len2;
        while ((len2=is.read(buffer2))!=-1){
            baos.write(buffer2, 0, len2);
        }
        System.out.println(baos.toString());


        //关闭资源
        baos.close();
        is.close();
        fis.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务端

package com.scanner.tcp;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date 2020/11/18 10:20
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//服务端
public class TcpServerDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        //监听客服端的连接
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞式监听，会一直等待客户端连接
        //获取输入流
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("receive.jpg"));
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
            fos.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        //通知客服端接收完毕
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        os.write("我接受完毕了，可以断开了".getBytes());
        //关闭流
        os.close();
        fos.close();
        is.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

UDP

发信息：不用连接，需要知道对方的地址！

发送消息

发送端

package com.scanner.udp;

import com.sun.xml.internal.ws.api.message.Packet;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date 2020/11/18 14:59
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//不需要连接服务器
public class UdpClientDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //创建一个Socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        //创建包
        String msg = "你好，，服务器";
        InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        int port = 9090;
        //数据，数据的长度起始，要发给谁
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, localhost, port);
        //发送包
        socket.send(packet);
        //关闭流
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收端

package com.scanner.udp;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date 2020/11/18 15:20
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class UdpServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //开放端口
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
        //接收数据包
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
        //阻塞接收
        socket.receive(packet);
        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new java.lang.String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        //关闭连接
        socket.close();
    }
}