java web 请求对象（request）和响应对象（response）

请求对象（request）

获取各种路径方法

返回值	方法名	说明
String	getContextPath()	获取虚拟目录名称
String	getServletPath()	获取Servlet映射路径
String	getRemoteAddr()	获取访问者ip地址
String	getQueryString()	获取请求的消息数据
String	getRequestURI()	获取统一资源标识符
StringBuffer	getRequestURL()	获取统一资源定位符

我访问的是的地址是http://localhost:8080/jsp_test_war_exploded/newServlet?username=aaa&password=123

package cn.liu.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;


@WebServlet("/newServlet")
public class ServletDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
   

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
   
        //1.获取虚拟目录名称
        String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
        System.out.println(contextPath);  //   /jsp_test_war_exploded

        //2.获取Servlet映射路径
        String servletPath = req.getServletPath();
        System.out.println(servletPath);  //   /newServlet

        //3.获取访问者ip地址
        String ip = req.getRemoteAddr();
        System.out.println(ip);  //   0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1

        //4.获取请求的消息数据
        String queryString = req.getQueryString();
        System.out.println(queryString);  //  username=aaa&password=123

        //5.获取统一资源标识符
        String requestURI = req.getRequestURI();
        System.out.println(requestURI);  //  /jsp_test_war_exploded/newServlet

        //6.获取统一资源定位符
        StringBuffer requestURL = req.getRequestURL();
        System.out.println(requestURL);  //  http://localhost:8080/jsp_test_war_exploded/newServlet
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
   
        doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

获取请求头信息方法

返回值	方法名	说明
String	getHeader(String name)	根据请求头名称获取一个值
Enumeration<String>	getHeaders(String name)	根据请求头名称获取多个值
Enumeration<String>	getHeaderNames()	获取所有请求头名称

package cn.liu.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;


@WebServlet("/newServlet")
public class ServletDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
   

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
   
        //1.根据请求头名称获取一个值
        String connection = req.getHeader("connection");
        System.out.println(connection);  //   keep-alive


        //2.根据请求头名称获取多个值
        Enumeration<String> values = req.getHeaders("accept-encoding");
        while (values.hasMoreElements()){
   
            String value = values.nextElement();
            System.out.println(value);
        }
                //   gzip, deflate, br

        //3.获取访问者ip地址
        Enumeration<String> names = req.getHeaderNames();
        while (names.hasMoreElements()){
   
            String name = names.nextElement();
            String value = req.getHeader(name);
            System.out.println(name+","+value);
        }
                /*
                host,localhost:8080
                connection,keep-alive
                cache-control,max-age=0
                ......
                */

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
   
        doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

获取请求参数信息方法

返回值	方法名	说明
String	getParameter(String name)	根据名称获取数据
String[]	getParameterValues(String name)	根据名称获取所有数据
Enumeration<String>	getParameterNames()	获取所有名称
Map<String,String[]>	getParameterMap()	获取所有参数的键值对

package cn.liu.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;


@WebServlet("/newServlet")
public class ServletDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
   

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
   
        //1.根据名称获取数据(单个)
        String connection = req.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println(connection);

        //2.根据名称获取所有数据(多选框数据)
        String[] hobbies = req.getParameterValues("hobby");
        for(String hobby:hobbies){
   
            System.out.println(hobby);
        }

        //3.获取所有名称
        Enumeration<String> names = req.getParameterNames();
        while (names.hasMoreElements()){
   
            String name= names.nextElement();
            System.out.println(name);
        }

        //4.获取所有参数的键值对
        Map<String,String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
        for (String key:map.keySet()){
   
            String[] values=map.get(key);

            System.out.println(key+":"