模拟spring的IOC(控制反转)和DI(依赖注入)

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-04 16:09:02 发布

weixin_46114677

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-04 16:09:02 发布

阅读量173

点赞数

文章标签： java spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46114677/article/details/109212957

版权

1.所需jar包:
在这里插入图片描述
2.在src目录下件匹配文件:
application.yml如下:

spring:
  datasource:
    driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxoo?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai

3.创建spring常用的几个注解:Value,Autowried,Component,Service,Controller,Service ;

package com;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:18
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Value {
    //配置文件中的属性名,ognl表达式格式
    String name() default "";
    //name别名
    String value() default "";
}

package com;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:43
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Autowired {
}

package com;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:22
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Component {
}

package com;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:32
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Controller {
}

package com;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:32
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Service {
}

4.用来读取解析yml配置文件的工具类

package com;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.yaml.YAMLFactory;
import ognl.Ognl;
import ognl.OgnlException;

import java.io.File;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/20 23:34
 */
public class Configure {
    private static Map<String, String> cfg = new HashMap<String, String>();

    /**
     * 反射获取配置文件内容
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void load() throws Exception {
        //获取文件路径
        String path = Configure.class.getResource("/application.yml").getPath();
        //防止路径有中文
        path = URLDecoder.decode(path, "UTF-8");

        //定义解析yml文件
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(new YAMLFactory());
        //解析yml文件,用map接收结果
        cfg = mapper.readValue(new File(path), Map.class);
//        System.out.println(cfg);

    }


    /**
     * 根据表达式快速获取对应的值
     * @param expr
     * @return
     */
    public static String get(String expr) {
        /**
         * ognl - Object Graph Navigation Language
         *        对象导航图
         * {a={b={c="111", d="222"}}}
         * ${a.b.c} ---- "111"
         * ${a.b.d} ---- "222"
         */
        // ${a.b.c} ---> a.b.c
        expr = expr.trim();
        expr = expr.substring(2, expr.length()-1);
        String r;
        try {
            r = String.valueOf(Ognl.getValue(expr, cfg));
            return r;
        } catch (OgnlException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Configure.load();
        System.out.println(cfg);
        String driver = get("${spring.datasource.driver}");
        String username = get("${spring.datasource.username}");
        String password = get("${spring.datasource.password}");
        String url = get("${spring.datasource.url}");
        System.out.println(driver);
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);
        System.out.println(url);
    }
}

测试结果输出:

{spring={datasource={driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver, username=root, password=123456, url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxoo?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai}}}
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
root
123456
jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxoo?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai

5.最主要的SpringContext

package com;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:41
 * Spring 环境对象, 上下文对象
 */
public class SpringContext {
    private static Map<String, Object> ctx = new HashMap<String, Object>();

    static {
        try {
            Configure.load();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 自动扫描,在类文件夹下,自动找到所有的类,
     * 并判断是否存在 @Component,@Service,@Controller 注解,
     * 如果存在,就自动新建实例并放入map集合
     */
    public static void autoScan() throws Exception {
        String path = SpringContext.class.getResource("/").getPath();
        path = URLDecoder.decode(path, "UTF-8");

        File dir = new File(path);
        /*
         * 需要一个StringBuilder对象,拼接包名类名
         * "day16"          --- 遇到目录拼包名
         * "day16.UserDao"  --- 这里要处理这个类
         * "day16"          --- 处理完一个类,要把类名截掉
         * ""               --- 处理完包,要把包截掉
         */
        //在类目录中扫描
        scan(dir, new StringBuilder());

        //完成所有实例的自动装配
        autowire();
    }

    /**
     * 自动注入
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void autowire() throws Exception {
        /*
         * ctx中所有的实例,一个一个的进行装配
         *
         * 在实例中寻找添加了@Value和@Autowired注解的变量,
         * 自动为变量注入数据
         */
        for (Object obj : ctx.values()) {//对map中的value这一列遍历
            //获得"类对象"
            Class<? extends Object> c = obj.getClass();
            //获取所有成员变量
            Field[] a = c.getDeclaredFields();
            //遍历所有的成员变量
            for (Field f : a) {
                if (f.isAnnotationPresent(Value.class)) {
                    //注入配置信息
                    injectValue(c, obj, f);
                }
                if (f.isAnnotationPresent(Autowired.class)) {
                    //注入对象
                    injectObject(c, obj, f);
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 注入Value
     * @param c
     * @param obj
     * @param f
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void injectValue(Class<? extends Object> c, Object obj, Field f) throws Exception {
        //从变量获得Value注解,并获得ognl表达式
        Value v = f.getAnnotation(Value.class);
        String name = v.name();
        if (name == null || name.equals("")) {
            name = v.value();
        }

        //用ognl获取配置数据
        String r = Configure.get(name);
        f.setAccessible(true);
        //把配置数据,存到变量
        f.set(obj, r);
    }

    /**
     * 注入对象
     * @param c
     * @param obj
     * @param f
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void injectObject(Class<? extends Object> c, Object obj, Field f) throws Exception {
        /*
         * @Autowired
         * private UserDao userDao
         *
         * 获得 UserDao 的完整类名,用类名从ctx提取它的实例
         * 取出实例后,保存到这个变量
         */
        String name = f.getType().getName();
        Object r = ctx.get(name);
        f.setAccessible(true);
        f.set(obj, r);
    }

    /**
     * 递归获取所以类的全路径
     *
     * @param dir
     * @param sb
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void scan(File dir, StringBuilder sb) throws Exception {
        File[] files = dir.listFiles();
        //不能获得列表,结束
        if (files == null) {
            return;
        }
        //遍历目录列表
        for (File f : files) {
            String name = f.getName();
            //f是文件
            if (f.isFile()) {
                //不是class文件,跳过
                if (!name.endsWith(".class")) {
                    continue;
                }
                // Abc.class
                // 去掉.class,把".Abc"拼到末尾,例如"day16.Abc"
                sb.append(".").append(name.substring(0, name.length() - 6));
//                System.out.println(sb);
                //处理这个类
                handle(sb.toString());

                //f是文件夹
            } else {
                //第一层包名不加点,后面每层包名都先加一个点
                if (sb.length() != 0) {
                    sb.append(".");
                }

                //拼包名
                sb.append(name);
                //递归处理f文件夹
                scan(f, sb);
            }
            //处理完后,把末尾一段删除,例如"aa.bb.cc.Abc",把".Abc"删掉
            //找最后一个点字符
            int start = sb.lastIndexOf(".");

            //没有点的情况
            if (start == -1) {
                //例如"aa",直接全部删掉
                sb.delete(0, sb.length());
            } else {
                //有点,从点位置删
                sb.delete(start, sb.length());
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据全路径名,创建实例
     *
     * @param className
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void handle(String className) throws Exception {
        //得到"类对象"
        Class<?> c = Class.forName(className);
        //是否存在 @Component,@Service,@Controller注解
        if (c.isAnnotationPresent(Component.class) ||
                c.isAnnotationPresent(Service.class) ||
                c.isAnnotationPresent(Controller.class)) {
            //创建实例
            Object obj = c.newInstance();
            //放入map集合,完整类名--->实例
            ctx.put(className, obj);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 获取实例
     * 从"类对象"先获取完整类名,再用类名从map获取实例
     *
     * @param c
     * @param <V>
     * @return
     */
    public static <V> V getObject(Class<V> c) {
        // "day16.UserDao" -----> UserDao实例
        return (V) ctx.get(c.getName());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        autoScan();
//        System.out.println(ctx);
        UserDao dao = getObject(UserDao.class);
//        System.out.println(dao);
        dao.test();
    }
}

6.dao对象

package com;

/**
 *@Authro: QYF
 *@Time:2020/10/21 0:21
 */
@Component
public class UserDao {
    //通过注解,为driver变量自动注入数据
    @Value("${spring.datasource.driver}")
    private String driver;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
    private String url;

    public void test() {
        System.out.println("\n---UserDao注入的数据:--------------");
        System.out.println(driver);
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);
        System.out.println(url);
    }
}

7.模拟Controller调Service再调Dao

package com;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:36
 */
@Controller
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    public void test() {
        System.out.println("\n---UserController调用service----------------");
        userService.test();
    }
}

package com;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 0:36
 */
@Service
public class UserService {
    //自动装配,自动注入UserDao的实例
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    public void test() {
        System.out.println("\n---UserService调用dao-------------");
        userDao.test();
    }
}

最后测试下:

package com;

/**
 * @Authro: QYF
 * @Time:2020/10/21 1:42
 */
public class _Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        SpringContext.autoScan();
        UserController c = SpringContext.getObject(UserController.class);
        c.test();
    }
}

输出结果:

---UserController调用service----------------

---UserService调用dao-------------

---UserDao注入的数据:--------------
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
root
123456
jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxoo?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai

这样就可以通过@Value注解把配置文件的信息注入给对象属性.
需要对象也直接从SpringContext获取和通过@Autowried注入

weixin_46114677

关注

0
点赞
踩
1

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
1
评论
模拟spring的IOC(控制反转)和DI(依赖注入)

1.所需jar包:2.在src目录下件匹配文件:application.yml如下:spring: datasource: driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver username: root password: 123456 url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxoo?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&a
复制链接

扫一扫