Java后台生成二维码

今天做了一下生成二维码的两种方式
第一种就是前台调用接口去生成二维码，第二种就是后台生成二维码
既然我们是后台开发人员，我这里就写后台代码了，后台代码实现很简单，说白了大家调用一个工具类就OK啦。
工具类只需要继承LuminanceSource类，重写其中的方法，话不多说上代码。
package com.zx.controller;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.Binarizer;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

/**

• Title:QRCodeUtil

• Description: 二维码生成工具类

• @author Administrator

• @version

• @since
  */
  public final class QRCodeUtil extends LuminanceSource {

  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QRCodeUtil.class);

  // 二维码颜色
  private static final int BLACK = 0xFF000000;
  // 二维码颜色
  private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF;

  private final BufferedImage image;
  private final int left;
  private final int top;

  public QRCodeUtil(BufferedImage image) {
  this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
  }

  public QRCodeUtil(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) {
  super(width, height);
  int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
  int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
  if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException(“Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.”);
  }
  for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {
  for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {
  if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {
  image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white
  }
  }
  }
  this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
  this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
  this.left = left;
  this.top = top;
  }

  @Override
  public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {
  if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
  }
  int width = getWidth();
  if (row == null || row.length < width) {
  row = new byte[width];
  }
  image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
  return row;
  }

  @Override
  public byte[] getMatrix() {
  int width = getWidth();
  int height = getHeight();
  int area = width * height;
  byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
  image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
  return matrix;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isCropSupported() {
  return true;
  }

  @Override
  public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
  return new QRCodeUtil(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height);
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isRotateSupported() {
  return true;
  }

  @Override
  public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {
  int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
  int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
  AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);
  BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
  Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
  g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
  g.dispose();
  int width = getWidth();
  return new QRCodeUtil(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
  }

  /**

  • @param matrix
  • @return
    */
    private static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) {
    int width = matrix.getWidth();
    int height = matrix.getHeight();
    BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
    image.setRGB(x, y, matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE);
    }
    }
    return image;
    }

  /**

  • 生成二维码图片
  • @param matrix
  • @param format
  • @param file
  • @throws IOException
    */
    public static void writeToFile(BitMatrix matrix, String format, File file) throws IOException {
    BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
    if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, file)) {
    throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format + " to " + file);
    }
    }

  /**

  • 生成二维码图片流
  • @param matrix
  • @param format
  • @param stream
  • @throws IOException
    */
    public static void writeToStream(BitMatrix matrix, String format, OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
    BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
    if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, stream)) {
    throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format);
    }
    }

  /**

  • 根据内容，生成指定宽高、指定格式的二维码图片
  • @param text 内容
  • @param width 宽
  • @param height 高
  • @param format 图片格式
  • @return 生成的二维码图片路径
  • @throws Exception
    */
    private static String generateQRCode(String text, int width, int height, String format, String pathName)
    throws Exception {
    Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, “utf-8”);// 指定编码格式
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.L);// 指定纠错等级
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1); // 白边大小，取值范围0~4
    BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
    File outputFile = new File(pathName);
    writeToFile(bitMatrix, format, outputFile);
    return pathName;
    }

  /**

  • 输出二维码图片流
  • @param text 二维码内容
  • @param width 二维码宽
  • @param height 二维码高
  • @param format 图片格式eg: png, jpg, gif
  • @param response HttpServletResponse
  • @throws Exception
    */
    public static void generateQRCode(String text, int width, int height, String format, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws Exception {
    Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, “utf-8”);// 指定编码格式
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.L);// 指定纠错等级
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1); // 白边大小，取值范围0~4
    BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
    writeToStream(bitMatrix, format, response.getOutputStream());
    }

  /**

  • 解析指定路径下的二维码图片

  • @param filePath 二维码图片路径

  • @return
    */
    public static String parseQRCode(String filePath) {
    String content = “”;
    try {
    File file = new File(filePath);
    BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);
    LuminanceSource source = new QRCodeUtil(image);
    Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
    BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
    Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>();
    hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, “UTF-8”);
    MultiFormatReader formatReader = new MultiFormatReader();
    Result result = formatReader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints);

     logger.info("result 为：" + result.toString());
     logger.info("resultFormat 为：" + result.getBarcodeFormat());
     logger.info("resultText 为：" + result.getText());
     // 设置返回值
     content = result.getText();
    

    } catch (Exception e) {
    logger.error(e.getMessage());
    }
    return content;
    }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
  String text = “hello world!”; // 随机生成验证码
  System.out.println("随机码： " + text);
  int width = 100; // 二维码图片的宽
  int height = 100; // 二维码图片的高
  String format = “png”; // 二维码图片的格式

   try {
       // 生成二维码图片，并返回图片路径
       String pathName = generateQRCode(text, width, height, format, "D:/new.png");
       System.out.println("生成二维码的图片路径： " + pathName);
  
       String content = parseQRCode(pathName);
       System.out.println("解析出二维码的图片的内容为： " + content);
   } catch (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
   }
  

  }

}

main方法直接运行，会在你的d盘生成一个png文件，二维码自动生成，内容就写到text里面就可以，是不是很简单。
就说这么多啦，大家自己消化一下吧。