Java自定义异常且格式化

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一、前言

要在Spring Boot中创建自定义异常并使用@RestControllerAdvice处理它们，可以按照以下步骤：

1. 定义自定义异常类：

   public class CustomException extends RuntimeException {
       private String message;
       private int errorCode;
   
       public CustomException(String message, int errorCode) {
           super(message);
           this.message = message;
           this.errorCode = errorCode;
       }
   
       public String getMessage() {
           return message;
       }
   
       public int getErrorCode() {
           return errorCode;
       }
   }
   

2. 创建@RestControllerAdvice类：

   import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
   import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
   
   @RestControllerAdvice
   public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
   
       @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class)
       public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleCustomException(CustomException ex) {
           ErrorResponse errorResponse = new ErrorResponse(ex.getMessage(), ex.getErrorCode());
           return new ResponseEntity<>(errorResponse, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
       }
   }
   
   class ErrorResponse {
       private String message;
       private int errorCode;
   
       public ErrorResponse(String message, int errorCode) {
           this.message = message;
           this.errorCode = errorCode;
       }
   
       // Getters and setters
   }
   

3. 在应用中抛出自定义异常：

   @RestController
   public class SampleController {
   
       @GetMapping("/test")
       public String test() {
           throw new CustomException("Custom error message", 1234);
       }
   }
   

这样，自定义异常会被@RestControllerAdvice处理，并返回格式化的错误响应。