ubuntu20.04使用kubeadm方式搭建k8s

ubuntu20.04使用kubeadm方式搭建k8s

系统环境准备

配置主机名

主机名 IP地址
master 172.16.131.130
node1 172.16.131.131
node2 172.16.131.132

配置host解析（每台主机都操作）

1 cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
172.16.131.130 master
172.16.131.131 node1
172.16.131.132 node2
EOF

一：安装docker

1.1安装apt依赖包，用于通过HTTPS来获取仓库

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

1.2添加docker的官方GPG密钥

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

1.3设置稳定版仓库

sudo add-apt-repository   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" #ubuntu官方
sudo add-apt-repository   "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

1.4安装docker-ce

默认安装最新版本（使用指定安装）
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 
指定安装------推荐
apt-cache madison docker-ce(列出当前可安装的docker版本)
sudo apt install docker-ce=5:19.03.9~3-0~ubuntu-focal docker-ce-cli=5:19.03.9~3-0~ubuntu-focal

1.5配置daemon.json文件，镜像加速

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]，
     "exec-opts":["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]

}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo service docker restart
docker version  或 docker -v

二：关闭防火墙、swap

2.1防火墙

sudo ufw disable

2.2关闭swap

#/swap.img   none  swap  sw   0    0 #在/etc/fstab文件下配置  将这行注释掉
mount -a 
sudo swapoff -a

三：安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

3.1添加阿里源 ##云平台服务器不需要添加

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main  #在/etc/apt/sources.list中添加
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -   #添加源的key
sudo apt-get update    #更新源

3.2添加 Kubernetes apt 仓库：

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main"| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

3.3开始安装

安装指定版本
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubectl=1.17.12-00 kubeadm=1.17.12-00 kubelet=1.17.12-00 
kubelet --version
启动
systemctl start kubelet

四：部署master节点（以上操作所有节点都操作）

4.1下载

固定版本安装

sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.17.12
sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.17.12
sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.12
sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.17.12
sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0
sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.5
sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1

kubeadm config images list  #获取最新版所需镜像列表

4.2 执行init，初始化k8s

  kubeadm init \
  --apiserver-advertise-address=172.16.131.130 \
  --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
  --kubernetes-version v1.19.3 \
  --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 \
  --pod-network-cidr=10.2.0.0/16 \
  --service-dns-domain=cluster.local \
  --ignore-preflight-errors=Swap \
  --ignore-preflight-errors=NumCPU

4.3 创建目录

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

4.4 node节点加入集群

 kubeadm join 172.16.131.130:6443 --token ohe2ri.mehnmyieotwi7cad \
>     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:bd498e350bbdf474102aa83545bc16d8ed02bc6f9eab47aaa60fee28faf2a848

4.5 部署flannel网络

cat > kube-flannel.yml << EOF
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.2.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.0
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        - --iface=ens33
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
EOF

注：修改配置文件，将128行替换为PodIP，在189行新增加一行指定网卡名
vim kube-flannel.yml
128: "Network": "10.2.0.0/16",
189: - --iface=ens33

4.6 应用资源配置清单

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 

4.7 查看pod状态

 kubectl -n kube-system get pod :正常应该全是running状态

4.8 重置k8s集群(若有需要)

kubeadm reset
rm -fr  $HOME/.kube/config

4.9 支持命令补全

apt-get install bash-completion -y
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)
kubectl completion bash >/etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl