Linux内核文件系统13

2021SC@SDUSC

inode.c（4）

/*
 * ext4_get_inode_loc在成功时返回一个针对inode底层buffer_head的额外refcount。
   如果'in_mem'为真，则在内存中有重新创建该inode的磁盘版本所需的所有数据。
 */
static int __ext4_get_inode_loc(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino,
				struct ext4_iloc *iloc, int in_mem,
				ext4_fsblk_t *ret_block)
{
	struct ext4_group_desc	*gdp;
	struct buffer_head	*bh;
	ext4_fsblk_t		block;
	struct blk_plug		plug;
	int			inodes_per_block, inode_offset;

	iloc->bh = NULL;
	if (ino < EXT4_ROOT_INO ||
	    ino > le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count))
		return -EFSCORRUPTED;

	iloc->block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, iloc->block_group, NULL);
	if (!gdp)
		return -EIO;

	/*
	 * 计算出块组inode表中的偏移量
	 */
	inodes_per_block = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_inodes_per_block;
	inode_offset = ((ino - 1) %
			EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb));
	block = ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp) + (inode_offset / inodes_per_block);
	iloc->offset = (inode_offset % inodes_per_block) * EXT4_INODE_SIZE(sb);

	bh = sb_getblk(sb, block);
	if (unlikely(!bh))
		return -ENOMEM;
	if (ext4_simulate_fail(sb, EXT4_SIM_INODE_EIO))
		goto simulate_eio;
	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
		lock_buffer(bh);

		if (ext4_buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
			/*我们等待的时候，有人把它更新了*/
			unlock_buffer(bh);
			goto has_buffer;
		}

		/*
		 * 如果我们在内存中拥有该索引节点的所有信息，并且这是块中唯一有效的索引节点，我们就不需要读取该块。
		 */
		if (in_mem) {
			struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh;
			int i, start;

			start = inode_offset & ~(inodes_per_block - 1);

			/*索引节点位图是否在缓存中?*/
			bitmap_bh = sb_getblk(sb, ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, gdp));
			if (unlikely(!bitmap_bh))
				goto make_io;

			/*
			 *如果索引节点位图不在缓存中，那么优化可能会执行两次读取，而不是一次，所以跳过它。
			 */
			if (!buffer_uptodate(bitmap_bh)) {
				brelse(bitmap_bh);
				goto make_io;
			}
			for (i = start; i < start + inodes_per_block; i++) {
				if (i == inode_offset)
					continue;
				if (ext4_test_bit(i, bitmap_bh->b_data))
					break;
			}
			brelse(bitmap_bh);
			if (i == start + inodes_per_block) {
				/*所有其他的索引节点都是空闲的，所以跳过I/O */
				memset(bh->b_data, 0, bh->b_size);
				set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
				unlock_buffer(bh);
				goto has_buffer;
			}
		}

make_io:
		/*
		 *如果我们需要做任何I/O，尝试从inode表中预读额外的块。
		 */
		blk_start_plug(&plug);
		if (EXT4_SB(sb)->s_inode_readahead_blks) {
			ext4_fsblk_t b, end, table;
			unsigned num;
			__u32 ra_blks = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_inode_readahead_blks;

			table = ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp);
			/* s_inode_readahead_blks总是2的幂*/
			b = block & ~((ext4_fsblk_t) ra_blks - 1);
			if (table > b)
				b = table;
			end = b + ra_blks;
			num = EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
			if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb))
				num -= ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp);
			table += num / inodes_per_block;
			if (end > table)
				end = table;
			while (b <= end)
				ext4_sb_breadahead_unmovable(sb, b++);
		}

		/*
		 * 缓冲区中还有其他有效的inode，这个inode有inode内xattrs，或者内存中没有这个inode。
		 * 从磁盘读取块。
		 */
		trace_ext4_load_inode(sb, ino);
		ext4_read_bh_nowait(bh, REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, NULL);
		blk_finish_plug(&plug);
		wait_on_buffer(bh);
		if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
		simulate_eio:
			if (ret_block)
				*ret_block = block;
			brelse(bh);
			return -EIO;
		}
	}
has_buffer:
	iloc->bh = bh;
	return 0;
}

static int __ext4_get_inode_loc_noinmem(struct inode *inode,
					struct ext4_iloc *iloc)
{
	ext4_fsblk_t err_blk;
	int ret;

	ret = __ext4_get_inode_loc(inode->i_sb, inode->i_ino, iloc, 0,
					&err_blk);

	if (ret == -EIO)
		ext4_error_inode_block(inode, err_blk, EIO,
					"unable to read itable block");

	return ret;
}

int ext4_get_inode_loc(struct inode *inode, struct ext4_iloc *iloc)
{
	ext4_fsblk_t err_blk;
	int ret;

	/*除了xattrs外，所有的inode数据都在内存中。*/
	ret = __ext4_get_inode_loc(inode->i_sb, inode->i_ino, iloc,
		!ext4_test_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_XATTR), &err_blk);

	if (ret == -EIO)
		ext4_error_inode_block(inode, err_blk, EIO,
					"unable to read itable block");

	return ret;
}


int ext4_get_fc_inode_loc(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino,
			  struct ext4_iloc *iloc)
{
	return __ext4_get_inode_loc(sb, ino, iloc, 0, NULL);
}

static bool ext4_should_enable_dax(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);

	if (test_opt2(inode->i_sb, DAX_NEVER))
		return false;
	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
		return false;
	if (ext4_should_journal_data(inode))
		return false;
	if (ext4_has_inline_data(inode))
		return false;
	if (ext4_test_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_ENCRYPT))
		return false;
	if (ext4_test_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_VERITY))
		return false;
	if (!test_bit(EXT4_FLAGS_BDEV_IS_DAX, &sbi->s_ext4_flags))
		return false;
	if (test_opt(inode->i_sb, DAX_ALWAYS))
		return true;

	return ext4_test_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_DAX);
}

void ext4_set_inode_flags(struct inode *inode, bool init)
{
	unsigned int flags = EXT4_I(inode)->i_flags;
	unsigned int new_fl = 0;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_DAX(inode) && init);

	if (flags & EXT4_SYNC_FL)
		new_fl |= S_SYNC;
	if (flags & EXT4_APPEND_FL)
		new_fl |= S_APPEND;
	if (flags & EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL)
		new_fl |= S_IMMUTABLE;
	if (flags & EXT4_NOATIME_FL)
		new_fl |= S_NOATIME;
	if (flags & EXT4_DIRSYNC_FL)
		new_fl |= S_DIRSYNC;

	/* 由于inode_set_flags()的工作方式，如果已经设置了S_DAX，我们必须在这里保留它。 */
	new_fl |= (inode->i_flags & S_DAX);
	if (init && ext4_should_enable_dax(inode))
		new_fl |= S_DAX;

	if (flags & EXT4_ENCRYPT_FL)
		new_fl |= S_ENCRYPTED;
	if (flags & EXT4_CASEFOLD_FL)
		new_fl |= S_CASEFOLD;
	if (flags & EXT4_VERITY_FL)
		new_fl |= S_VERITY;
	inode_set_flags(inode, new_fl,
			S_SYNC|S_APPEND|S_IMMUTABLE|S_NOATIME|S_DIRSYNC|S_DAX|
			S_ENCRYPTED|S_CASEFOLD|S_VERITY);
}

static blkcnt_t ext4_inode_blocks(struct ext4_inode *raw_inode,
				  struct ext4_inode_info *ei)
{
	blkcnt_t i_blocks ;
	struct inode *inode = &(ei->vfs_inode);
	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;

	if (ext4_has_feature_huge_file(sb)) {
		/*我们使用组合48位字段 */
		i_blocks = ((u64)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_blocks_high)) << 32 |
					le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_blocks_lo);
		if (ext4_test_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_HUGE_FILE)) {
			/* i_blocks表示文件系统块大小 */
			return i_blocks  << (inode->i_blkbits - 9);
		} else {
			return i_blocks;
		}
	} else {
		return le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_blocks_lo);
	}
}


/*
 *随机地更新同一 inode 表块中其他 inode 的其他时间字段。
 */
static void ext4_update_other_inodes_time(struct super_block *sb,
					  unsigned long orig_ino, char *buf)
{
	unsigned long ino;
	int i, inodes_per_block = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_inodes_per_block;
	int inode_size = EXT4_INODE_SIZE(sb);

	/*
	 * 计算 inode 表块中的第一个 inode。 inode 编号从 1 开始。 
	   也就是说，一个块中的第一个 inode（假设有 4k 个块和 256 字节的 inode）是 (n*16 + 1)。
	 */
	ino = ((orig