文章目录
1. 客户端向服务器异步发送普通参数值
1.1 前端
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>01.演示Axios发送普通的参数值给服务器端</title>
<script language="JavaScript" src="script/vue.js"></script>
<script language="JavaScript" src="script/axios.min.js"></script>
<script language="JavaScript">
window.onload=function(){
var vue = new Vue({
"el":"#div0",
data:{
uname:"lina",
pwd:"ok"
},
methods:{
axios01:function(){
axios({
method:"POST",
url:"axios01.do",
params:{
uname:vue.uname,
pwd:vue.pwd
}
})
.then(function (value) {//响应成功时回调,value.data可以获取服务器响应的内容
console.log(value);
})
.catch(function (reason) {//有异常时执行的回调,reason.response.data可以获取响应的内容
console.log(reason);
});
}
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div0">
uname:<input type="text" v-model="uname"/><br/>
pwd:<input type="text" v-model="pwd"/><br/>
<input type="button" @click="axios01" value="发送一个带普通请求参数值的异步请求"/>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.2 后端
package com.atguigu.axios;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@WebServlet("/axios01.do")
public class Axios01Servlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String uname = request.getParameter("uname");
String pwd = request.getParameter("pwd");
System.out.println("uname = " + uname);
System.out.println("pwd = " + pwd);
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.write(uname+"_"+pwd);
throw new NullPointerException("这里故意抛出一个空指针异常....");
}
}
2. 客户端向服务器异步发送json格式的数据
2.1 json格式
json表达数据更简洁,更能节约网络带宽。
[{sid:"s001",age18},{sid:"s002",age:19}]
2.2 代码演示
2.2.1 前端
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>03.演示Axios发送异步请求给服务器端,服务器响应json格式的数据给客户端</title>
<script language="JavaScript" src="script/vue.js"></script>
<script language="JavaScript" src="script/axios.min.js"></script>
<script language="JavaScript">
window.onload=function(){
var vue = new Vue({
"el":"#div0",
data:{
uname:"lina",
pwd:"ok"
},
methods:{
axios03:function(){
axios({
method:"POST",
url:"axios03.do",
data:{
uname:vue.uname,
pwd:vue.pwd
}
})
.then(function (value) {
var data = value.data;
// data对应的数据:
// {uname:"鸠摩智",pwd:"ok"}
vue.uname=data.uname;
vue.pwd=data.pwd;
//此处value中的data返回的是 js object,因此可以直接点出属性
//如果我们获取的是一个字符串: "{uname:\"鸠摩智\",pwd:\"ok\"}"
//js语言中 也有字符串和js对象之间互转的API
//string JSON.stringify(object) object->string
//object JSON.parse(string) string->object
})
.catch(function (reason) {
console.log(reason);
});
}
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div0">
uname:<input type="text" v-model="uname"/><br/>
pwd:<input type="text" v-model="pwd"/><br/>
<input type="button" @click="axios03" value="服务器响应json格式的数据给客户端"/>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.2.2 后端
package com.atguigu.axios;
import com.atguigu.pojo.User;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/axios03.do")
public class Axios03Servlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = request.getReader();
String str = null ;
while((str=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
stringBuffer.append(str);
}
str = stringBuffer.toString() ;
//已知 String
//需要转化成 Java Object
Gson gson = new Gson();
//Gson有两个API
//1.fromJson(string,T) 将字符串转化成java object
//2.toJson(java Object) 将java object转化成json字符串,这样才能响应给客户端
User user = gson.fromJson(str, User.class);
user.setUname("鸠摩智");
user.setPwd("123456");
//假设user是从数据库查询出来的,现在需要将其转化成json格式的字符串,然后响应给客户端
String userJsonStr = gson.toJson(user);
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//MIME-TYPE
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
response.getWriter().write(userJsonStr);
}
}