@Configuration标注配置类
告诉Spring这个类是一个配置类,加在类上。
@ComponentScan组件扫描
定义包的扫描规则,使用如下:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Person;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.service.PerSonService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
//配置类=配置文件
@Configuration//告诉Spring这是一个配置类
/*
includeFilters:包含哪些组件
useDefaultFilters =true:会默认把所有包含@Component注解的类都进行扫描
useDefaultFilters = false:禁用默认行为,只包含才会生效
excludeFilters:不包含哪些组件
type:按哪种类型进行过滤
classes:为一个数组,里面为具体的过滤条件实体
*/
@ComponentScan(value = "com.atguigu.spring_annotation",//要扫描的包
includeFilters = {
//按照注解进行过滤
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes = {Repository.class, Controller.class}),
//按照给定的类型进行过滤
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, classes = {PerSonService.class}),
//FilterType.ASPECTJ:使用ASPECTJ表达式
//FilterType.REGEX:使用正则表达式
//使用自定义规则,classes中天自定义的规则类,需要实现TypeFilter接口
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = {MyTypeFilter.class})
},
useDefaultFilters = false
)
public class MainConfig {
//给容器中注册一个bean,类型为返回值类型,id默认是用方法名作为id,value用于指定id
@Bean("person")
public Person person() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(20);
person.setName("李四");
return person;
}
}
自定义过滤规则,FilterType.CUSTOM:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Person;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.service.PerSonService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
//配置类=配置文件
@Configuration//告诉Spring这是一个配置类
/*
includeFilters:包含哪些组件
useDefaultFilters =true:会默认把所有包含@Component注解的类都进行扫描
useDefaultFilters = false:禁用默认行为,只包含才会生效
excludeFilters:不包含哪些组件
type:按哪种类型进行过滤
classes:为一个数组,里面为具体的过滤条件实体
*/
@ComponentScan(value = "com.atguigu.spring_annotation",//要扫描的包
includeFilters = {
//按照注解进行过滤
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes = {Repository.class, Controller.class}),
//按照给定的类型进行过滤
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, classes = {PerSonService.class}),
//FilterType.ASPECTJ:使用ASPECTJ表达式
//FilterType.REGEX:使用正则表达式
//使用自定义规则,classes中天自定义的规则类,需要实现TypeFilter接口
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = {MyTypeFilter.class})
},
useDefaultFilters = false
)
public class MainConfig {
//给容器中注册一个bean,类型为返回值类型,id默认是用方法名作为id,value用于指定id
@Bean("person")
public Person person() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(20);
person.setName("李四");
return person;
}
}
加入IOC容器
@Bean
方法在@Configuration中
//给容器中注册一个bean,类型为返回值类型,id默认是用方法名作为id,value用于指定id
@Bean("person")
public Person person() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(20);
person.setName("李四");
return person;
}
@Scope作用域
调节Ioc容器中的作用域,通常用于控制单例或者多例。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Person;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
@Configuration
public class MainConfig2 {
/*
ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE, prototype:多实例,IOC启动时不会调用此方法,在获取实例时才会钓调用此方法创建对象,
获取几次就会调用几次。
ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_SINGLETON, singleton:单实例(默认值),IOC容器在启动时会调用方法创建实例到IOC容器中,
每次要用时到IOC容器中拿。
org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext.SCOPE_REQUEST, request:同一个请求创建一个实例
org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext.SCOPE_SESSION, session 同一个session创建一个实例
*/
@Scope(value = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
@Bean("person")
public Person person(){
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(19);
person.setName("jojo");
return person;
}
}
测试:
/**
* 测试Scope注解的作用
*/
@Test
public void testScope(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig2.class);
Person person1 = context.getBean("person", Person.class);
Person person2 = context.getBean("person", Person.class);
/*
当Scope注解为“prototype”时,结果为false
当Scope注解为“singleton”时,结果为true
*/
System.out.println(person1==person2);
}
@Lazy懒加载
针对单实例bean,不随着IOC容器的创建而创建对象,等到第一次用的时候再创建对象。
@Scope(value = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_SINGLETON)
@Bean("person")
@Lazy
public Person person(){
System.out.println("person实例化");
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(19);
person.setName("jojo");
return person;
}
Bean的生命周期
bean初始化——>初始化——>销毁的过程
init-method与destroy-method属性
容器管理生命周期,我们可以自定义初始化和销毁的方法;容器bean进行到当前生命周期的时候来调用我们自定义的初始化和销毁方法。
xml配置文件中指定初始化和销毁方法:
init-method= ““
destroy-method=“”
创建对象的时间
:
- 单实例在容器启动时创建
- 多实例在获取对象时创建
初始化
:对象创建完成,并赋值好,调用初始化方法。
销毁
:
- 单实例在容器关闭时销毁
- 容器不会管理多实例的bean,不会调用销毁方法
Car:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
public class Car {
public Car() {
System.out.println("Car constructor......");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("car-->init");
}
public void destroy(){
System.out.println("car-->destroy");
}
}
注入IOC容器并标明初始化和销毁方法:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Car;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class MainConfigOfLifeCycle {
@Bean(initMethod = "init",destroyMethod = "destroy")
public Car car() {
return new Car();
}
}
测试:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.test;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config.MainConfigOfLifeCycle;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
public class IOCTest_LifeCycle {
@Test
public void test01(){
//以单实例bean为例
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
//1、Car constructor......
//2、car-->init
//3、容器创建完成...
System.out.println("容器创建完成...");
//关闭容器
//4、car-->destroy
context.close();
}
}
实现InitiallizingBean与DisposableBean接口
还有另一种方法:通过让Bean实现InitiallizingBean(定义初始化逻辑),以及DisposableBean(定义销毁逻辑)
Cat:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
public class Cat implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean {
public Cat() {
System.out.println("cat-->constructor");
}
@Override
public void destroy() throws Exception {
System.out.println("cat-->destroy");
}
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
System.out.println("cat-->init");
}
}
配置类:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Car;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Cat;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class MainConfigOfLifeCycle {
@Bean
public Cat cat(){
return new Cat();
}
}
测试:
@Test
public void test02(){
//以单实例bean为例
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
//1、cat-->constructor......
//2、cat-->init
//3、容器创建完成...
System.out.println("容器创建完成...");
//关闭容器
//4、cat-->destroy
context.close();
}
@PostConstruct与@PreDestroy注解
@PostConstruct
:在bean创建完成并且属性赋值完成;来执行初始化方法。
@PreDestroy
:在容器销毁bean之前通知我们进行清理工作。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
public class Dog {
public Dog() {
System.out.println("dog-->constructor");
}
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
System.out.println("dog-->init");
}
@PreDestroy
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("dog-->destroy");
}
}
BeanPostProcessor接口:bean的后置处理器
postProcessBeforeInitialization
:在bean初始化之前进行一些处理工作。
postProcessAfterInitialization
:在bean初始化之后进行一些处理工作。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* 后置处理器:初始化前后进行处理工作
* 将后置处理器加入到IOC容器中
*/
@Component
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("postProcessBeforeInitialization..." + s + "=>" + o);
return o;
}
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("postProcessAfterInitialization..." + s + "=>" + o);
return o;
}
}
注意:需要开启组件扫描
底层原理:遍历得到容器中所有的BeanPostProcessor,挨个执行beforeInitiallization,一旦返回null,跳出for循环,不会执行后面的BeanPostProcessor.beforeInitiallization。
Spring底层对BeanPostProcessor的使用:bean赋值,注入其他组件,@Autowired、生命周期注解功能,@Async…
@Controller
标注为Controller层组件
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller
public class PersonController {
}
@Service
标注为Service层组件
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class PerSonService {
}
@Repository
标注为Service层组件
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.dao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public class PersonDao {
}
@Conditional条件判断
按照一定的条件进行判断,满足条件给容器中注册bean。放在类上面表示满足条件这个类中的所有bean注册才会生效,放在方法上面表示满足条件这个方法的bean注册才会生效。
创建Bean并使用@Condition注解:
/**
* @Condition 按照一定的条件进行判断,满足条件给容器中注册bean
* 如果系统是windows,给容器注册bill
* 如果系统是linux,给容器注册linus
* @return
*/
@Conditional({WindowsCondition.class})
@Bean("bill")
public Person person01() {
return new Person("Bill Gates", 66);
}
@Conditional({LinuxCondition.class})
@Bean("linus")
public Person person02() {
return new Person("Linus", 50);
}
实现Condition接口:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotatedTypeMetadata;
//评判系统是否是windows
public class WindowsCondition implements Condition {
/**
* 判断是否是linux系统
* @param context 判断条件能使用的上下文
* @param metadata 注释信息
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
//能获取到ioc使用的beanFactory
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = context.getBeanFactory();
//获取类加载器
ClassLoader classLoader = context.getClassLoader();
//获取环境信息
Environment environment = context.getEnvironment();
//获取到bean定义的注册类
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = context.getRegistry();
String systemName = environment.getProperty("os.name");
if(systemName.contains("Windows")){
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotatedTypeMetadata;
//判断系统是否是linux
public class LinuxCondition implements Condition {
@Override
public boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
Environment environment = context.getEnvironment();
String systemName = environment.getProperty("os.name");
if (systemName.contains("Linux")) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
测试:
@Test
public void test03(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig2.class);
String[] names = context.getBeanNamesForType(Person.class);
for (String s : names){
System.out.println(s);//bill
}
//获取系统名字
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = context.getEnvironment();
String system = environment.getProperty("os.name");
System.out.println(system);//Windows 10
Map<String, Person> types = context.getBeansOfType(Person.class);
System.out.println(types);//bill=Person(name=Bill Gates, age=66)
}
组件导入
@Import
@Import可以快速给容器中导入一个组件,容器一起动会自动注册这个组件,id默认为全类名。
第一种用法:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Color;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
@Import({Color.class})//快速导入组件,id默认为组件全类名,可以写多个
@Configuration
public class MainConfig2 {
}
ImportSelector
返回需要导入的组件的全类名数组
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition.MyImportSelector;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Color;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
@Import({Color.class, MyImportSelector.class})//快速导入组件,id默认为组件全类名,可以写多个
@Configuration
public class MainConfig2 {
}
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportSelector;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;
public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
/**
* 自定义逻辑需要返回的组件
*
* @param importingClassMetadata 当前标注@Import注解的类的所有注解信息
* @return 导入到容器中的组件全类名
*/
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
return new String[]{"com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Blue", "com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Yellow"};
}
}
ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition.MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition.MyImportSelector;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Color;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
@Import({Color.class, MyImportSelector.class, MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class})//快速导入组件,id默认为组件全类名,可以写多个
@Configuration
public class MainConfig2 {
}
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.condition;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Red;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;
public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
/**
* 把所有需要添加到容器中的bean:调用BeanDefinitionRegistry.registerBeanDefinition手动注册
* @param importingClassMetadata 当前类的注解信息
* @param registry BeanDefinition注册类
*
*/
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
boolean containsRed = registry.containsBeanDefinition("red");
//如果没有red这个组件
if(!containsRed){
RootBeanDefinition red = new RootBeanDefinition(Red.class);
//自定义组件名字
registry.registerBeanDefinition("red",red);
}
}
}
FactoryBean()(工厂Bean)
实现接口:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
public class ColorFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Color> {
/**
* @return 返回一个Color对象,这个对象会添加到容器中
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Color getObject() throws Exception {
return new Color();
}
/**
* @return 返回的类型
*/
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return Color.class;
}
/**
* 控制是否为单例
*
* @return 如果返回true,表示是单例,只会在容器中保存一份,返回false表示不是单例
*/
@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
}
注册Bean:
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.ColorFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class MainConfig2 {
@Bean
public ColorFactoryBean colorFactoryBean(){
return new ColorFactoryBean();
}
}
测试:
@Test
public void testColorFactoryBean(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig2.class);
Object bean1 = context.getBean("colorFactoryBean");
//工厂Bean获取的是getObject创建的对象
System.out.println("bean的类型"+bean1.getClass());//bean的类型class com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Color
Object bean2 = context.getBean("colorFactoryBean");
//因为实现FactoryBean接口的方法isSingleton()返回的是true,表示为单例模式,所有为是同一个对象
System.out.println(bean1 == bean2);//true
//加上&可以获取工厂本身
Object bean3 = context.getBean("&colorFactoryBean");
System.out.println(bean3.getClass());//class com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.ColorFactoryBean
}
@Value赋值
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Person {
/*
使用@Value赋值:
1、基本数值
2、可以写SpEl:#{}
3、可以使用${}:取出资源文件【properties】中的值(在运行环境变量中的值),
需要在配置类中使用@PropertySource加载资源文件
*/
@Value("张三")
private String name;
@Value("#{20-2}")
private Integer age;
@Value("${person.nikeName}")
private String NikeName;
}
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Person;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
@Configuration
@PropertySource({"classpath:person.properties"})//导入资源文件
public class MainConfigOfPropertyValues {
@Bean
public Person person(){
return new Person();
}
}
@PropertySource读取资源文件
@Configuration
@PropertySource({"classpath:jdbc.properties"})
public class MainConfigOfProfile {
}
自动装配
@Autowired
这个注解是Spring定义的,可以用在构造器、参数,方法、属性,推荐使用。
- 标注在方法、构造器、参数,方法、属性都是从容器中获取参数的值,默认不写@Autowired
标注在方法位置
:@Bean+方法参数,参数从容器中获取。标注在构造器的位置
:如果组件只有一个有参构造器,这个有参构造器的@Autowired可以省略,参数位置的组件还是可以从容器中获取。package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Boos { //会从容器中找到cat对象并注入到形参 public Boos(@Autowired Cat cat) {//@Autowired 可以省略 System.out.println(cat); System.out.println("Boss-->constructor"); } }
@Autowired:
-
默认按照类型去容器中找对应的组件,context.getBean(PersonDao.class);
-
如果找到多个相同类型的组件,再将属性的名称作为组件的id去容器中找,context.getBean(“personDaoName”);
-
@Qualifier:指定注入组件的名称,而不是属性名。
没有装配默认一定要将属性赋值好,没有就会报错,但是可以用requied=false
属性设置为不必须的。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.service;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.dao.PersonDao;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class PerSonService {
@Qualifier("personDao2")
@Autowired(required = false)
private PersonDao personDao;
public void print() {
System.out.println(personDao);
}
}
@Primary首选注入的对象
@Primary加入在Bean上后,在使用@Autowired时默认首选使用这个Bean进行装配。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.dao;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Primary
@Repository
public class PersonDao {
}
也可以用在方法上。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.dao.PersonDao;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.atguigu.spring_annotation")
public class MainConfigOfAutowired {
@Primary
@Bean
public PersonDao personDao2(){
return new PersonDao();
}
}
如果使用了@Qualifier明确指定了,那么该注解就失效了。
@Resource
这个注解是Java规范的注解,可以和@AutoWired一样实现自动装配功能,默认是按照组件的名称进行装配,可以在注解中填入name=“注解名称”指定要注入的Bean名字,不支持@Primary、require=false功能
。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.service;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.dao.PersonDao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Service
public class PerSonService {
// @Autowired(required = false)
@Resource(name = "personDao2")
private PersonDao personDao;
public void print() {
System.out.println(personDao);
}
}
@Inject
这个注解是Java规范的注解,需要导入Inject的依赖。
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.inject/javax.inject -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</dependency>
它的功能与@AutoWired一致,没有require=false
的功能。
-Aware注入Spring底层组件
自定义组件想要使用Spring容器底层的一些组件(ApplicationContext、BeanFactory等)时,需要实现XXXAware,在创建对象的时候,会调用接口规定的方法注入相关组件。
XXXAware的功能是使用XXXAwareProcessor处理的。
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNameAware;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringValueResolver;
@Component
public class Red implements ApplicationContextAware, BeanNameAware, EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("传入的IOC:" + applicationContext);
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
@Override
public void setBeanName(String s) {
System.out.println("当前bean的名字" + s);
}
@Override
public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
String value = resolver.resolveStringValue("你好 ${os.name} ,我是#{20*14}");
System.out.println("解析的字符串:" + value);
}
}
@Profile配置环境
@Profile是Spring为我们提供的可以根据当前环境,动态的激活和切换一系列组件的功能。
以下用模拟数据源切换数据源:
- 导入两个c3p0和mysql驱动
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/c3p0/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.28</version>
</dependency>
- 使用@Profle注解
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Yellow;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.util.StringValueResolver;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
/**
* @Profile:指定组件在哪个环境下才能被注册到容器中,不指定的情况下,任何情况都能注册这个组件
* 1、加了环境标识的bean,只有环境被激活的时候才能注册到容器中,默认是default加入容器中
* 2、写在配置类上,只有是指定的环境的时候,整个配置类里面的所有配置才能开始生效
* 3、没有标注环境表示的bean不受影响,依旧会加载
*/
@Profile("test")//当develop环境时,因为类标注了“test“,所以下面的@Profile("develop")也是不能加载的
@Configuration
@PropertySource({"classpath:jdbc.properties"})
public class MainConfigOfProfile implements EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
@Value("${db.user}")
private String user;
@Value("${db.driverClass}")
private String driverClass;
private StringValueResolver valueResolver;
@Profile("test")
@Bean
public Yellow yellow(){
return new Yellow();
}
//测试的数据源
@Profile("test")
@Bean("testDatasource")
public DataSource testDatasource(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
//开发的数据源
@Profile("develop")
@Bean("developDatasource")
public DataSource developDatasource(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_plus?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
//部署的数据源
@Profile("deploy")
@Bean("deployDatasource")
public DataSource deployDatasource() throws PropertyVetoException {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
//通过valueResolver解析字符串
String password = valueResolver.resolveStringValue("${db.password}");
dataSource.setPassword(password);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Override
public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
this.valueResolver = resolver;
}
}
- 测试
package com.atguigu.spring_annotation.test;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.config.MainConfigOfProfile;
import com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Yellow;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public class TestProfile {
@Test
public void test() {
//1、创建一个applicationContext
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
//2、设置需要激活的环境
context.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("test","develop");
//3、注册主机配置
context.register(MainConfigOfProfile.class);
//4、启动刷新容器
context.refresh();
//根据类型获取bean的名字
String[] names = context.getBeanNamesForType(DataSource.class);
for(String s : names){
System.out.println(s);
/*
testDatasource
developDatasource
*/
}
//同样标注了@Profile("test")的Yellow也加入了容器
Yellow yellow = context.getBean(Yellow.class);
System.out.println(yellow);//com.atguigu.spring_annotation.pojo.Yellow@1afd44cb
}
}