[练手项目]SSM整合：图书管理系统

环境要求

• IDEA
• MySql 5.7.19
• Tomcat 9
• Maven 3.6

需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识

数据库环境

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

基本环境搭建

1.新建一个Maven项目，命名为ssmbuild，并添加web支持

2.导入Maven的pom依赖

<dependencies>
   <!--Junit-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>junit</groupId>
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>4.12</version>
   </dependency>
   <!--数据库驱动-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.47</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
       <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
       <version>0.9.5.2</version>
   </dependency>

   <!--Servlet - JSP -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.5</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
       <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
       <version>1.2</version>
   </dependency>

   <!--Mybatis-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
       <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
       <version>3.5.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
       <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
       <version>2.0.2</version>
   </dependency>

   <!--Spring-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.在pom中添加Maven资源过滤的设置

<build>
   <resources>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/java</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>false</filtering>
       </resource>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>false</filtering>
       </resource>
   </resources>
</build>

4.建立基本的包结构

• com.hui.pojo
• com.hui.dao
• com.hui.service
• com.hui.controller
  

5.创建基本的配置框架

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>


</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>


</beans>

Mybatis层编写

1.编写数据库配置文件
database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

2.将IDEA连接上数据库

3.编写Mybatis核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>


<!--配置数据源，交给spring-->
    
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.hui.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.hui.dao.BookMapper"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

4.编写数据库对应的实体类
com.hui.pojo.Books

package com.hui.pojo;

public class Books {

    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

    public Books() {
    }

    public Books(int bookID, String bookName, int bookCounts, String detail) {
        this.bookID = bookID;
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    public int getBookID() {
        return bookID;
    }

    public void setBookID(int bookID) {
        this.bookID = bookID;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public int getBookCounts() {
        return bookCounts;
    }

    public void setBookCounts(int bookCounts) {
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
    }

    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }

    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Books{" +
                "bookID=" + bookID +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                ", bookCounts=" + bookCounts +
                ", detail='" + detail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

5.编写Dao层的Mapper接口

package com.hui.dao;

import com.hui.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //查询所有书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    //根据名字查询书籍
    List<Books> queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String name);


}

6.编写Mapper接口对应的Mapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.hui.dao.BookMapper">
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
        values (#{bookID},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete
        from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </delete>
    
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts =#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </update>


<!--    select标签不用参数类型属性-->
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>

    <select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books
        where bookName like concat('%',#{bookName},'%');


    </select>


</mapper>

7.编写Service层的接口和实现类
BookService接口

package com.hui.service;

import com.hui.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询所有书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    //根据名字查询书籍
    List<Books> queryBookByName(String name);


}

BookServiceImpl实现类

package com.hui.service;

import com.hui.dao.BookMapper;
import com.hui.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    //业务层调用dao层:组合dao
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper){
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) { return bookMapper.updateBook(books); }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryBookByName(String name) { return bookMapper.queryBookByName(name); }

}

至此，底层需求层编写完毕

Spring层

1.配置Spring整合Mybatis,数据源用c3p0连接池
2.编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关配置文件：spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!--1.关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>


<!--2.连接池
    dpcp：半自动化，不能自动连接
    c3p0：自动化操作（自动化的加载配置文件，并且可以自动设置到对象中）
    druid
    hikari
-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>


<!--3.sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--        绑定mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

<!--4.配置dao接口扫描包，动态实现Dao接口可以注入到Spirng容器中-->
    <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.hui.dao"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

3.Spring整合service层
spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!--1.扫描service包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hui.service"/>

<!--2.将所有业务类注入到Spring，可以通过配置和注解-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.hui.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

<!--3.配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

<!--4.aop事务支持-->

</beans>

SpringMVC层

1.编写web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>


</web-app>

2.编写spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--1.注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--2.静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--3.扫描包：controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hui.controller"/>

<!--4.视图解析器-->
    <mvc:view-resolvers>
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>

    </mvc:view-resolvers>

</beans>

3.编写Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>


</beans>

至此，配置文件的编写结束

Controller 和 视图层编写

1.编写BookController类，方法1：查询全部书籍

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    //controller层调用service层
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;


    //查询全部的书籍并且返回到页面
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> bookList = bookService.queryAllBook();

        model.addAttribute("bookList",bookList);

        return "allBook";

    }
}

2.编写首页index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>LH图书管理系统</title>

    <style>
      a{
        text-decoration: none;
        color: black;
        font-size: 18px;
      }
      h3{
        width: 180px;
        height: 38px;
        margin: 100px auto;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 38px;
        background: deepskyblue;
        border-radius: 5px;
      }

    </style>


  </head>
  <body>

  <h3>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">书籍展示</a>
  </h3>

  </body>
</html>

3.书籍列表页面 allBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>

            <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBookByName" method="post">
                <input type="text" name="queryBookName">
                <input type="submit" value="查询">
            </form>
        </div>

    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>

                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('bookList')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook/${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>

            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4.编写BookController类，方法2：添加书籍

    //跳转到增加书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddBook(){
        return "addBook";
    }

    //增加书籍
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addBook(Books books){

        System.out.println("addBook->"+books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";

    }

5.编写添加书籍的页面：addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>

</div>
</body>
</html>

6.编写BookController类，方法3：修改书籍

    //跳转到更新书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook/{id}")
    public String toUpdateBook(Model model,@PathVariable int id){
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        System.out.println(books);

        model.addAttribute("book",books);
        return "updateBook";

    }

    //更新书籍
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Books book){

        System.out.println("updateBook->"+book);
        bookService.updateBook(book);

        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

7.编写修改书籍页面：updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>更新书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>更新书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"><br><br><br>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail()}"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="更新">
    </form>

</div>
</body>
</html>

8.编写BookController类，方法4：删除书籍

    //删除书籍
    @RequestMapping("/del/{id}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable int id){

        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        System.out.println("delete->"+id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

9.编写BookController类，方法5：根据名字查询书籍

    //通过名字查询书籍
    @RequestMapping("/queryBookByName")
    public String queryBookByName(String queryBookName,Model model){

        List<Books> bookList = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);

        model.addAttribute("bookList",bookList);

        return "allBook";
    }

配置Tomcat，运行！
显示书籍界面

添加书籍界面

更新书籍界面

根据名字模糊查询书籍