线程优先级
Java提供一个线程调度器来监控程序中启动后进入就绪状态的所有线程,线程调度器按照优先级决定应该调度哪个线程来执行
线程的优先级用数字来表示,范围从1—10
Thread. MIN_PRIORITY = 1;
Thread.NORM_PRIORITY = 5;
Thread.MAX_PRIORITY = 10;
通过以下方式来改变或获取优先级
setPriority(int x) getPriority()
优先级的设定建议在start()前面
线程优先级最小为1,最大为10,默认为5,如源码:
public final static int MIN_PRIORITY = 1;
public final static int NORM_PRIORITY = 5;
public final static int MAX_PRIORITY = 10;
如果设置优先级超出了范围,将会抛出异常throw new IllegalArgumentException();如源码:
if (newPriority > MAX_PRIORITY || newPriority < MIN_PRIORITY) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
注意:优先级低只是意味着获得调度的概率低,并不是优先级低就不会被调用了,这都是看CPU的调度,优先级高也是一样的,调度顺序还是取决于CPU,优先级只是增加或减少调度概率而已
如以下代码:
public class TestPriority {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线程默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
Thread t1= new Thread(myPriority,"线程1");
Thread t2= new Thread(myPriority,"线程2");
Thread t3= new Thread(myPriority,"线程3");
Thread t4= new Thread(myPriority,"线程4");
Thread t5= new Thread(myPriority,"线程5");
Thread t6= new Thread(myPriority,"线程6");
//先设置优先级再启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(4);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(10);
t4.start();
t5.setPriority(8);
t5.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}
}
结果并不取决于优先级高低:
一下结果就出现了性能倒置(优先级低的线程1出现在优先级高的线程4前面了)
main--->5
线程1--->5
线程4--->10
线程5--->8
线程2--->1
线程3--->4