9三大线程不安全案例

线程不安全

案例一：线程不安全的ArrayList

ArrayList集合是线程不安全的，因为多个线程添加元素的时候可能是在同一个瞬间，导致将多个元素添加至同一个位置，造成覆盖问题，例如代码:

public class UnSafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 300; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());//240

    }
}

输出结果为240，小于300，因为被覆盖了

案例二：线程不安全的取票

取票问题,10000个人取100张票，大家一起取，导致票数剩余量为负数(-1)

public class UnSafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Buyticket buyticket = new Buyticket();
        new Thread(buyticket,"苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(buyticket,"牛逼的你们").start();
        new Thread(buyticket,"可恶的黄牛党").start();
    }

}

class Buyticket implements Runnable{
    //票
    private int ticketNums=10;
    boolean flag=true;//外部停止方式

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //卖票
        while (flag){
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        //判断是否有票
        if (ticketNums<=0){
            flag = false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
    }
}

可恶的黄牛党拿到10
牛逼的你们拿到8
苦逼的我拿到9
苦逼的我拿到7
可恶的黄牛党拿到5
牛逼的你们拿到6
苦逼的我拿到4
可恶的黄牛党拿到3
牛逼的你们拿到2
苦逼的我拿到1
可恶的黄牛党拿到-1
牛逼的你们拿到0

案例三：不安全的取钱

//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱
public class UnSafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100, "结婚基金");
        Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50, "你");
        Drawing girlfriend = new Drawing(account, 100, "girlfriend");
        new Thread(you).start();
        new Thread(girlfriend).start();

    }
}

//账户
class Account{
    int money;//余额
    String name;//卡名
    public Account(int money,String name){
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

//银行:模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    //取了多少钱
    int drawingMoney ;
    //现在手里有多少钱
    int nowMoney;
    public Drawing(Account account,int drawingMoney,String name){
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //判断有没有钱
        if (account.money-drawingMoney<0){
            System.out.println(this.getName()+"钱不够，取不了");
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        //sleep可以放大问题的发生
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //卡内余额 = 余额-你取的钱
        account.money = account.money-drawingMoney;
        //你手里的钱
        nowMoney = nowMoney+drawingMoney;
        System.out.println(account.name+"余额为："+account.money);
       // Thread.currentThread().getName()=this.getName()
        System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱"+nowMoney);
    }
}

结果：
结婚基金余额为：-50
结婚基金余额为：-50
你手里的钱50
girlfriend手里的钱100
其中通过sleep可以放大问题的发生,让两个人同时取钱，导致账户余额为负数，因为两个人同时取走账户中的钱