DRF-视图使用-2-GenricAPIView使用

DRF：GenericAPIView + ModelSerializer 实现接口

1、模型类：

class Auhtor(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100,verbose_name='作者',unique=True)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=15,verbose_name='手机号',unique=True)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=200,verbose_name='地址',null=True)

2、model序列化器：

from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models
import re
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
class AuthorModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Auhtor
        fields = ['id','name','phone','address']
        extra_kwargs = {
            'id':{'read_only':True},
            'phone':{
                'max_length':11,
                'min_length':11,
                'error_messages':{
                    'max_length':"确保手机号码是11位",
                    'min_length':'确保手机号码是11位'
                }
            },

        }
    #局部钩子函数，检验单个字段
    def validate_phone(self,value):
        if re.findall('^1[3456789]\d{9}$', value):
            return value
        raise ValidationError('手机号码是否非法的')
    #全局钩子，检验多个字段，
    def validate(self,attr):
        print(attr)
        return attr

3、视图函数书写

创建和展示所有用户，在一个视图中:

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
class AuthorGenericAPIView(GenericAPIView):
    serializer_class = serializer.AuthorModelSerializer
    queryset = models.Auhtor.objects.all()
    authentication_classes = []
    def get(self,request):
        authors = self.get_queryset()
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=authors,many=True)
        return Response(data=ser.data,status=200)
    def post(self,request):
        author = request.data
        ser = self.get_serializer(data = author)
        ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        ser.save()
        return Response(data=ser.data,status=200)
#路由设置
path('v1/api/author/',views.AuthorGenericAPIView.as_view()),

获取单个数据、更新数据（全部更新和局部更新）、删除数据，在一个视图中：

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
class AuthorPKGenerivAPIView(GenericAPIView,UpdateModelMixin):
    authentication_classes = []
    queryset = models.Auhtor.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.AuthorModelSerializer
    def get(self,request,pk):
        author = self.get_object()
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance = author)
        return Response(data=ser.data,status=200)
    def put(self,request,pk):
        author = self.get_object()
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance = author,data = request.data)
        ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        ser.save()
        return Response(data=ser.data,status=200)
    def patch(self,request,pk):
        author = self.get_object()
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=author, data=request.data,partial=True)
        #数据的部分更新，就是前端传递多少字段，就更新多少字段的数据，需要传递参数partial=True
        ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        ser.save()
        return Response(data=ser.data, status=200)
#路由设置
 path('v1/api/author/<int:pk>/',views.AuthorPKGenerivAPIView.as_view())
 127.0.0.1：8000/v1/api/author/1/ 
#根据请求的类型，就可以操id是1的作者数据了。