Linux下安装-Centos7+Apacher+mysql+php环境搭建

前言
笔者也是第一次想着搭建一个博客，一开始也尝试用了宝塔面板，还是不顺手。就确定自己搭建一个服务器环境。这期间也遇到不少的坑，总算是自己解决了。所以也决定这这一整套搭建过程记录下来，分享给大家。

课前准备
在阿里云购买一台服务器，操作系统选择Centos7.7版
记住公网Ip(等会有用)，然后就可以进行服务器搭建了。

安装Apache

一、安装

yum -y install httpd

二、开启apache服务

systemctl start httpd.service

三、设置apache服务开机启动

systemctl enable httpd.service

在本机浏览器中输入刚才记住公网ip地址，如果看到apache默认的页面–有Testing 123… 字样，便是成功安装了apache服务了。如图所示

访问应该是失败的，原因如下：
查了资料，说法是，CentOS7用的是Firewall-cmd，CentOS7之前用的是iptables防火墙；要想让外网能访问到apache主目录，就需要做以下的操

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https
firewall-cmd --reload

安装PHP
一、安装(默认版本)即可

yum -y install php

二、重启apache服务

systemctl restart httpd.service

三、测试php环境
建议安装xftp，在 /var/www/html/ 下放入index.php文件，内容如下：
xifp6
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1vAdzb1py2BoYoo63vimX5w
提取码：9h2u

<?php
 phpinfo(); 
?>

然后，在自己电脑浏览器输入 IP（公网）/index.php ，运行后会出现php的一些信息即为成功！图片如下。

安装MySQL
一、安装(这里选择的是MySQL的替代品mariadb,功能和命令都是一样的）

yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel

二、开启MySQL服务

systemctl start mariadb.service

三、设置开机启动MySQL服务

systemctl enable mariadb.service

四、数据库安全设置（也就是设置MySQL的密码）

mysql_secure_installation

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

五、登陆数据库测试

mysql -uroot -p (刚才设置的密码)

[root@yangpeng ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> 

PHP与MySQL进行关联

yum -y install php-mysql

安装常用的PHP模块

yum -y install php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel

环境测试首先重启一下Apache服务器，

systemctl restart httpd.service

在浏览器中输入：IP（公网）/index.php
就可以看到更新了数据库信息，如图所示

1. 如果页面出现了PHP相关模块信息，紫色区块，则表示LAMP环境搭建成功。
2. 如果已有php程序，只需要把整个php程序上传到 /var/www/html 目录下即可。