操作文档 Oracle 11g (CentOS7.2环境) 静默安装

一、安装操作流程

1、准备工作：检查服务器
2、准备工作：检查yum仓库、安装依赖包
3、准备工作：Oracle系统用户、组、用户密码管理
4、准备工作：Oracle文件、目录、系统权限管理
5、准备工作：配置内核参数及Oracle用户环境变量
6、根据响应文件静默安装Oracle 11g 软件（OUI）
7、根据响应文件静默配置监听（NETCA）
8、根据响应文件静默建库和实例（DBCA）
9、EM Web客户端连接Oracle数据库、配置EM企业管理器（EMCA）
10、SQLPlus 命令行连接Oracle数据库
11、PLSQL Developer 连接Oracle数据库

二、安装组件说明

● Oracle Universal Installer（OUI） 安装数据库软件（RDBMS）
● Oracle Database Configuration Assistant（DBCA） 创建新库、与实例
● Database Upgrade Assistant 数据库升级工具
● Net Configuration Assistant（NETCA） 配置网络、启动监听、注册服务
● Oracle Enterprise Manager Configuration Assistant（EMCA） 配置EM企业管理器、Oracle WEB连接工具、WEB监控
● SQLPlus Oracle命令行连接工具
● rlwrap SQLPlus历史命令的回调功能
● PLSQL Developer Oracle客户端连接工具

三、安装配置命令

runInstaller、dbca、netca、lsnrctl、tnsping、emca、emctl、sqlplus

四、安装核心步骤

核心步骤：OUI → DBCA → NETCA → EMCA → SQLPlus → PLSQL Developer

######################################################################
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
#               准备工作：检查服务器                                    #
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
######################################################################
`#----------------------------     检查系统   ---------------------------------------------
[root@vpn ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) 

[root@vpn ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-514.6.2.el7.x86_64

[root@vpn ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-514.6.2.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) ) #1 SMP 

Thu Feb 23 03:04:39 UTC 2017
#----------------------------     检查CPU   ---------------------------------------------
[root@vpn ~]# cat /proc/version
processor    : 3
vendor_id    : GenuineIntel
cpu family    : 6
model        : 63
model name    : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v3 @ 2.50GHz
stepping    : 2
microcode    : 0x1
cpu MHz        : 2494.224
cache size    : 30720 KB
physical id    : 0
siblings    : 4
core id        : 3
cpu cores    : 4
apicid        : 3
initial apicid    : 3
fpu        : yes
fpu_exception    : yes
cpuid level    : 13
wp        : yes
flags        : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx 

pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt 

tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt
bogomips    : 4988.44
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment    : 64
address sizes    : 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
#----------------------------     检查内存   ---------------------------------------------
[root@vpn ~]# free -g
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:              7           0           6           0           0           7
Swap:             0           0           0
#----------------------------     检查硬盘   ---------------------------------------------
[root@vpn ~]# df -Th
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1      ext3       40G  1.7G   36G   5% /
devtmpfs       devtmpfs  3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G  328K  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vdb       ext4       99G   61M   94G   1% /data
tmpfs          tmpfs     783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0
#----------------------------     检查网络   ---------------------------------------------
[root@vpn ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.27.173.7  netmask 255.255.254.0  broadcast 10.27.173.255
        ether 00:16:3e:08:ab:e3  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1401283  bytes 120505824 (114.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 529282  bytes 37721895 (35.9 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 119.23.129.240  netmask 255.255.252.0  broadcast 119.23.131.255
        ether 00:16:3e:08:b4:e0  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 114181  bytes 65179292 (62.1 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 97802  bytes 101311209 (96.6 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

tun0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.8.0.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  destination 10.8.0.1
        unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 100  (UNSPEC)
        RX packets 31757  bytes 5626053 (5.3 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 53682  bytes 48639152 (46.3 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 280 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@vpn ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (220.181.112.244) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.112.244: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=40.5 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.112.244: icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=40.5 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.112.244: icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=40.6 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 3 received, 25% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 40.565/40.588/40.603/0.233 ms

#----------------------------     检查主机名   ---------------------------------------------
[root@vpn ~]# hostname
vpn
[root@vpn ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.27.173.7 vpn


######################################################################
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
#               准备工作：检查yum仓库、安装依赖包                        #
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
######################################################################
#检查yum仓库
[root@vpn ~]# ls -hl /etc/yum.repos.d
total 12K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K May 17 13:47 backup
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1.3K May 17 13:47 CentOS-Base.repo
-r--r--r-- 1 root root  670 May 17 13:47 epel.repo

#安装依赖包
yum -y install  gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static glibc 

glibc-common glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel kernel-

headers pdksh pcre-devel readline rlwrap

######################################################################
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
#               准备工作：Oracle系统用户、组、用户密码管理                #
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
######################################################################
#创建用户、组
groupadd oinstall && groupadd dba && useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
echo "sadfafw" | passwd --stdin oracle && id oracle         --系统用户oracle的密码不能太简单，容易被入侵


######################################################################
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
#               准备工作：Oracle文件、目录、系统权限管理                  #
#                                                                    #
#                                                                    #
######################################################################
#上传安装包文件
sftp:/root> 
Uploading linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip to remote:/root/linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip
304 MB, 1.12 MB/sec
#创建安装包文件存放目录
mkdir -p /data/u01/software
mv linux.x64_11gR2_database_* /data/u01/software/ && cd /data/u01/software
#解压安装包文件
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2