Springboot实现简单的文件上传和下载功能

一、第一步，

        第一步依然是创建数据库，我简单设计了三个字段(file_id，file_name，create_time)

CREATE TABLE `txtfile` (
  `file_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `file_name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  `create_time` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`file_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3

        然后springboot配置文件

        application.yml 

mybatis:
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: edu.wsm.doamin
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/somefile?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    username: root
    password: root
    
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
    encoding: utf-8
    prefix: classpath:templates/
    suffix: .html
    check-template: true
    servlet:
      content-type: text/html
    check-template-location: true
server:
  port: 80

        maven包管理

        pom.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>edu.wsm</groupId>
    <artifactId>fileup-download</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>fileup-download</name>
    <description>fileup-download</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

二、第二部，

        接着实现代码，依然采用经典的MVC结构，代码实现如下：

1.实体类domain

SomeFile.java

package edu.wsm.domain;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @ClassName SomeFile
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Deer·Wang
 * @Date 2021/12/11 13:11
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class SomeFile {
    private Integer fileId;
    private String fileName;
    private String createTime;
}

2.dao层

FileOperation.java

package edu.wsm.dao;

import edu.wsm.domain.SomeFile;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName FileOperation
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Deer·Wang
 * @Date 2021/12/11 13:13
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Mapper
public interface FileOperation {
    public List<SomeFile> select();
    public void insert(SomeFile someFile);
}

3.service层

FileService.java

package edu.wsm.service;

import edu.wsm.dao.FileOperation;
import edu.wsm.domain.SomeFile;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName FileService
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Deer·Wang
 * @Date 2021/12/11 13:16
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Service
public class FileService {
    @Resource
    private FileOperation fileOperation;

    /**
     * 查询所有文件
     * @return 
     */
    public List<SomeFile> searchAll(){
        List<SomeFile> fileList = fileOperation.select();
        return fileList;
    }

    /**
     * 添加文件
     * @param someFile SomeFile类对象
     * @param multipartFile 前端上传的文件
     */
    public void add(SomeFile someFile, MultipartFile multipartFile){
        if(multipartFile!=null){
            try {
                multipartFile.transferTo(new File("这里写你文件存储的路径"+multipartFile.getOriginalFilename()));
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            fileOperation.insert(someFile);
        }
    }
}

4.Mapper文件

FileOperationMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="edu.wsm.dao.FileOperation">
    <resultMap id="fileOperationMap" type="edu.wsm.domain.SomeFile">
        <id column="file_id" property="fileId" javaType="java.lang.Integer"></id>
        <result column="file_name" property="fileName" javaType="java.lang.String"></result>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="select" resultMap="fileOperationMap">
        select * from txtfile
    </select>
    <insert id="insert">
        insert into txtfile (file_name,create_time) values (#{fileName},#{createTime})
    </insert>
</mapper>

5.controller层

FileController.java

package edu.wsm.controller;

import edu.wsm.domain.SomeFile;
import edu.wsm.service.FileService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName FileController
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Deer·Wang
 * @Date 2021/12/11 13:17
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {
    @Resource
    private FileService fileService;

    /**
     * 查询文件并把文件集合传给showFile.html
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/search")
    public String search(Model model){
        List<SomeFile> fileList = fileService.searchAll();
        model.addAttribute("fileList",fileList);
        return "showFile";
    }

    /**
     * 接收游览器上传的文件并做处理
     * @param file
     * @param model
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("/add")
    public String add(MultipartFile file,Model model) throws IOException {
        //判断上传的文件是否为空
        if(!file.isEmpty()){
            SomeFile someFile = new SomeFile();
            LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
            someFile.setFileName(file.getOriginalFilename());
            someFile.setCreateTime(localDateTime.toLocalDate()+" "+localDateTime.toLocalTime());
            fileService.add(someFile,file);
        }else {
            model.addAttribute("error","文件不存在或文件过大或格式不对");
        }
        return "redirect:/file/search";
    }

    /**
     * 下载文件
     * @param response 响应
     * @param fileName 要下载的文件名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("/download")
    public void download(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName) throws IOException {
        //从服务器本地读取文件
        File file = new File("这里填你文件存储的路径"+fileName);
        //判断文件是否存在
        if(!file.exists()){
            response.sendError(404,"你下载的资源不存在!!!");
        }
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
        //响应输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
        //设置响应头
        response.setHeader("content-type", "application/octet-stream");
        response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + fileName);
        //将文件以流的方式传给前端
        int i = 0;
        byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
        while ((i = bis.read(buff)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(buff, 0, i);
        }
        bis.close();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}

6.View界面

showFile.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>信息列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>!!!非常炫酷的View界面!!!</h1>
<h4>!!! 上传文件不要超过10k !!!</h4>
<h4>!!!上传txt格式的文本!!!</h4>
<table border="1px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1">
    <tr>
        <th>文件目录</th><th>时间</th><th>操作</th>
    </tr>
    <tr th:each="files:${fileList}">
        <td th:text="${files.fileName}"></td>
        <td th:text="${files.createTime}"></td>
        <td>
<!--            <a th:href="@{/file/download}" th:method="post" th:download="${files.fileName}">下载</a>-->
            <form th:action="@{/file/download}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                <input type="hidden" name="fileName" th:value="${files.fileName}"/>
                <input type="submit" value="下载"/>
            </form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>
<p>----------------------------</p>
<div style="height: 70px;width: 500px;background-color: #efff43">
    <form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" th:action="@{/file/add}">
        <input type="file" name="file" value=""/>| <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

error.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>!!!资源有误!!!</h1>
<p>原因: 1.可能你上传的资源过大或不存在  2.下载的资源不存在</p>
<a th:href="@{/file/search}">点此返回</a>
</body>
</html>