apache的安装

1. 先下载好httpd包（下载到/usr/local/src/目录中）

2 .解压httpd包

3. 按照安装三步骤开始安装

a ： ./configure --prefix=安装路径          ----通过选项参数，指定启用特性，安装路径等
                                               检查依赖性。
b ： make                                  ----根据makefile文件，构建应用程序
c ： make install                          ----复制文件到相应路径

如示：

[root@host src]# ls
httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz
[root@host src]# tar -xzf httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz       ---解压http包
[root@host src]# ls
httpd-2.4.38   httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz
[root@host src]# cd httpd-2.4.38                    ---切换到httpd解压包中
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE     CHANGES         httpd.dsp       LICENSE           ROADMAP
acinclude.m4     CMakeLists.txt  httpd.mak       Makefile.in       server
Apache-apr2.dsw  config.layout   httpd.spec      Makefile.win      srclib
Apache.dsw       config.log      include         modules           support
apache_probes.d  config.nice     INSTALL         NOTICE            test
ap.d             configure       InstallBin.dsp  NWGNUmakefile     VERSIONING
build            configure.in    LAYOUT          os
BuildAll.dsp     docs            libhttpd.dep    README
BuildBin.dsp     emacs-style     libhttpd.dsp    README.cmake
buildconf        httpd.dep       libhttpd.mak    README.platforms
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# more INSTALL               ---查看INSTALL安装要求

...（此处省略一部分内容）
For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or
  http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html

     $ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
     $ make
     $ make install
     $ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start

[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache  ---指定httpd安装路径
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR not found.  Please read the documentation.   ---出现error提示，缺少 
                                                                      apr程序
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# cd -
/usr/local/src
[root@host src]#   ------------------  下载apr 安装包  此处省略（可以用wget 下载地址  在linux系统中直接下载，注意下载在src目录下）
[root@host src]# ls
apr-1.6.5.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.38      httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz
[root@host src]# tar -xzf apr-1.6.5.tar.gz                        ---  解压apr包
[root@host src]# ls
apr-1.6.5        apr-1.6.5.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.38      httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz
[root@host src]# cd apr-1.6.5                                     ---切换在解压过的apr包内
[root@host apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
...（此处省略）
rm: cannot remove 'libtoolT': No such file or directory   ---本来要删除的文件没有找到不用管
config.status: executing default commands                
[root@host apr-1.6.5]# make && make install         ---此处直接执行了 make和make install 
...（此处省略）                                         （用&&连接）
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /usr/local/src/apr-1.6.5/build/find_apr.m4 /usr/local/apr/build-1
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apr-config.out /usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
---------------------------------------------------------------------------apr程序安装完成
[root@host apr-1.6.5]# cd -                
/usr/local/src
[root@host src]# cd httpd-2.4.38                     ---切换目录继续执行
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr         ------------因为上次执行提示apr包，所以这次执行时要关联apr安装路径
                                                                关联：--with-apr=安装路径
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... yes
  setting CC to "gcc"
  setting CPP to "gcc -E"
  setting CFLAGS to " -g -O2 -pthread"
  setting CPPFLAGS to " -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE"
  setting LDFLAGS to " "
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure:
checking for APR-util... no
configure: error: APR-util not found.  Please read the documentation.  ---error提示没有 
                                                              apr-util程序，需要下载安装
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# cd -
[root@host src]#                                     ------此处下载apr-util安装包（省略）
[root@host src]# ls
apr-1.6.5         apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz  httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz
apr-1.6.5.tar.gz  httpd-2.4.38           
[root@host src]# tar -xzf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz                    ---解压apr-util安装包
[root@host src]# cd apr-util-1.6.1                               ---切换apr-util解压包内
[root@host apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util     
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
APR-util Version: 1.6.1
checking for chosen layout... apr-util
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
Applying apr-util hints file rules for x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR could not be located. Please use the --with-apr option.
                    ----提示；error：apr没有找到，重新执行时关联apr安装路径即可（--with-apr）
[root@host apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
...（此处省略一部分内容）
config.status: creating test/Makefile
config.status: creating include/private/apu_config.h
config.status: executing default commands                  ---没有出现error提示，进行下一步
[root@host apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install           ---二三步同时执行
... （此处省略一部分内容）
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 aprutil.exp /usr/local/apr-util/lib
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apu-config.out /usr/local/apr-util/bin/apu-1-config
-------------------------------------------------------------------------apr-util安装完成
[root@host apr-util-1.6.1]# cd -         
/usr/local/src                          
[root@host src]# cd httpd-2.4.38                ---继续安装httpd，关联apr和par-util安装路径
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/
...（此处省略一部分内容）
checking for pcre-config... false
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/                                             ---提示：error：pcre 没有找到
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# cd -
/usr/local/src
[root@host src]#                                                     ------此处下载pcre包
[root@host src]# ls
apr-1.6.5         apr-util-1.6.1         httpd-2.4.38         pcre-8.42.tar.gz
apr-1.6.5.tar.gz  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz  httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz
[root@host src]# tar -xzf pcre-8.42.tar.gz                                 ----解压pcre包
[root@host src]# cd pcre-8.42
[root@host pcre-8.42]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre   
...（此处省略一部分内容）
    Link pcregrep with libbz2 ....... : no
    Link pcretest with libedit ...... : no
    Link pcretest with libreadline .. : no
    Valgrind support ................ : no
    Code coverage ................... : n              ---没有出现error提示，继续执行下一步
[root@host pcre-8.42]# make && make install
...（此处省略一部分内容）
make[3]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/pcre-8.42”
make[2]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/pcre-8.42”
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/pcre-8.42”             ---没有出现error提示，继续执行下一步
[root@host pcre-8.42]# cd -             ---继续安装httpd，并关联apr，apr-util和pcre安装路径
/usr/local/src
[root@host src]# cd httpd-2.4.38
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/
...（此处省略一部分内容）
    Server Version: 2.4.38
    Install prefix: /usr/local/apache
    C compiler:     gcc -std=gnu99
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2 -pthread
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE
    LDFLAGS:
    LIBS:
    C preprocessor: gcc -E                                      ---没有报错，继续执行下一步
[root@host httpd-2.4.38]# make && make install    
...（此处省略一部分内容）
Installing configuration files
mkdir /usr/local/apache/conf
mkdir /usr/local/apache/conf/extra
mkdir /usr/local/apache/conf/original
mkdir /usr/local/apache/conf/original/extra
Installing HTML documents
mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs
Installing error documents
mkdir /usr/local/apache/error
Installing icons
mkdir /usr/local/apache/icons
mkdir /usr/local/apache/logs
Installing CGIs
mkdir /usr/local/apache/cgi-bin
Installing header files
mkdir /usr/local/apache/include
Installing build system files
mkdir /usr/local/apache/build
Installing man pages and online manual
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man1
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man8
mkdir /usr/local/apache/manual
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.38”
----------------------------------------------------------------没有出现error报错，安装完成

检验，运行httpd
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@host src]# cd ..      切换到/usr/local/apache/bin目录下
[root@host local]# cd /usr/local/apache/bin/
[root@host bin]# ls
ab         checkgid   envvars-std   htdbm     httpd       rotatelogs
apachectl  dbmmanage  fcgistarter   htdigest  httxt2dbm
apxs       envvars    htcacheclean  htpasswd  logresolve
[root@host bin]# ./apachectl start  
httpd (pid 7429) already running     
[root@host bin]# iptables -F
[root@host bin]# ps -ef | grep httpd
root       7429      1  0 08:53 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
daemon     7430   7429  0 08:53 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
daemon     7431   7429  0 08:53 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
daemon     7434   7429  0 08:53 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
root       7520   7408  0 08:56 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@host bin]# curl 192.168.241.127
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>