Python 生成式

1、列表生成式

l = ['alex_dsb', 'lxx_dsb', 'wxx_dsb', "xxq_dsb", 'egon']
new_l = []
for name in l:
	if name.endswith('dsb'):
		new_l.append(name)
print(new_l)  # ['alex_dsb', 'lxx_dsb', 'wxx_dsb', 'xxq_dsb']

new_l=[name for name in l if name.endswith('dsb')]
new_l=[name for name in l]

print(new_l)

# 把所有小写字母全变成大写
new_l=[name.upper() for name in l]
print(new_l)

# 把所有的名字去掉后缀_dsb
new_l=[name.replace('_dsb','') for name in l]
print(new_l)

2、字典生成式

keys=['name','age','gender']
dic={key:None for key in keys}
print(dic)

items=[('name','egon'),('age',18),('gender','male')]
res={k:v for k,v in items if k != 'gender'}
print(res)

3、集合生成式

keys=['name','age','gender']
set1={key for key in keys}
print(set1,type(set1))

4、生成器表达式

# g=(i for i in range(10) if i > 3)
# ！！！！！！！！！！！强调！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
# 此刻g内部一个值也没有

# print(g,type(g))

# print(g)
# print(next(g))
# print(next(g))
# print(next(g))
# print(next(g))
# ...

# 获取文件的字节数
with open('笔记.txt', mode='rt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
	# 方式一：
	res = 0
	for line in f:
		res += len(line)
	print(res)

	# 方式二：
	res = sum([len(line) for line in f])
	print(res)

	# 方式三 ：效率最高
	res = sum((len(line) for line in f))
	print(res)

	# 上述可以简写为如下形式
	res = sum(len(line) for line in f)
	print(res)